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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2020-86-4-29-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-1189</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бесконтактные методы определения поверхностного натяжения жидкостей (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Non-contact methods for measuring the surface tension of liquids (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мордасов</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mordasov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Михайлович Мордасов</p><p>392000, г. Тамбов, ул. Советская, д. 106</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail M. Mordasov</p><p>106 Sovetskaya ul., Tambov, 392000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савенков</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savenkov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Петрович Савенков</p><p>392000, г. Тамбов, ул. Советская, д. 106</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr P. Savenkov</p><p>106 Sovetskaya ul., Tambov, 392000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">savencow@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чечетов</surname><given-names>К. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chechetov</surname><given-names>K. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилл Евгеньевич Чечетов</p><p>392000, г. Тамбов, ул. Советская, д. 106</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill E. Chechetov</p><p>106 Sovetskaya ul., Tambov, 392000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тамбовский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tambov State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мордасов М.М., Савенков А.П., Чечетов К.Е., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мордасов М.М., Савенков А.П., Чечетов К.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mordasov M.M., Savenkov A.P., Chechetov K.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1189">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1189</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен обзор бесконтактных методов определения поверхностного натяжения жидкостей. Проведен анализ физических эффектов, положенных в их основу. Отмечены достоинства, недостатки, возможные диапазоны измерений и сферы применения бесконтактных методов. Рассмотрены пассивные методы, не требующие стимуляции объекта измерения, и активные, при реализации которых на жидкость оказывается то или иное воздействие. При анализе методов на основе капиллярных волн, применяемых для исследования свойств поверхностно-активных веществ, описаны электрические, электромагнитные, акустические, струйные и механические способы возбуждения капиллярных волн. Рассмотрены методы, базирующиеся на процессах в колеблющейся или вращающейся левитирующей капле жидкости (бесконтейнерные методы), используемые при исследовании свойств расплавов. Приведены методы на основе локальной деформации поверхности жидкости электрическим полем, акустическим импульсом и газовой струей. Показано, что для стандартных лабораторных условий наиболее перспективны аэродинамические методы, основанные на деформации поверхности контролируемой жидкости струей газа. Отмечено, что бесконтейнерные методы следует применять в условиях невесомости, методы на основе капиллярных волн и деформации поверхности жидкости сфокусированным акустическим импульсом — в случае невязких жидкостей. Методы на основе электрической деформации поверхности контролируемой жидкости имеют ограничение по толщине ее слоя, сравнительно высокую чувствительность к ее плотности и диэлектрической проницаемости, а также ряду других неконтролируемых факторов. Отмечено также, что аэродинамический бесконтактный метод определения поверхностного натяжения характеризуется низкой чувствительностью к плотности и вязкости контролируемой жидкости. Представленный обзор бесконтактных способов определения поверхностного натяжения позволит выбрать метод, наилучшим образом подходящий для решения конкретной измерительной задачи.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A review of non-contact methods for determining the surface tension of liquids along with analysis of the physical effects underlying them is presented. A review of non-contact methods for determining the surface tension of liquids along with analysis of the physical effects underlying them is presented. The advantages, disadvantages, possible ranges of measurements and scope of non-contact methods are discussed. Passive methods do not require any stimulation of the measurement object whereas active methods, when implemented, affect the liquid under study. Electrical, electromagnetic, acoustic, jet, and mechanical methods used for excitation of capillary waves are described in analysis of the methods based on capillary waves intended to study the properties of surface-active substances. We also considered methods based on the processes occurred in an oscillating or rotating levitating drop of liquid (containerless technology) used to study the properties of melts and methods based on local deformation of the liquid surface by the electric field, acoustic pulse, and gas jet. It is shown that aerodynamic methods based on deformation of the liquid surface under control by a gas stream are the most promising for standard laboratory conditions. It is noted that containerless methods should be used in zero gravity tests, whereas the methods based on capillary waves or deformation of the liquid surface with a focused acoustic pulse appeared useful in testing inviscid liquids. Methods based on electrical deformation of the liquid surface under control are limited with the thickness of the liquid layer, relatively high sensitivity to the density and dielectric constant of the liquid, and some other uncontrolled factors. It was also noted that aerodynamic non-contact method of the surface tension determination is characterized by low sensitivity to the density and viscosity of the controlled liquid. The presented review of non-contact methods of the surface tension determination provides optimal choice of the method most suited for solving specific measurement problems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бесконтейнерные методы</kwd><kwd>деформация поверхности</kwd><kwd>капиллярная волна</kwd><kwd>левитирующая капля</kwd><kwd>струя газа</kwd><kwd>тепловые колебания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>containerless technology</kwd><kwd>capillary wave</kwd><kwd>contactless</kwd><kwd>deformation of the surface</kwd><kwd>levitated drop</kwd><kwd>gas jet</kwd><kwd>thermal vibrations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thiessen D. B., Man K. F. A quasi-containerless pendant drop method for surface tension measurements on molten metals and alloys / Int. J. Thermophys. 1995. Vol. 16. N 1. P. 245 – 255. 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