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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2020-86-7-33-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-1241</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование упрочненного многослойного покрытия, полученного методом холодного газодинамического напыления с использованием лазера</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of a hardened multilayer coating obtained by the cold gas-dynamic spraying with laser intensification</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горунов</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorunov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Игоревич Горунов</p><p>420111, г. Казань, ул. К. Маркса 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey I. Gorunov</p><p>10, ul. K. Marxa, Kazan, 420111</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorunow.andrej@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет имени А. Н. Туполева (КАИ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. N. Tupolev Kazan National Research Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>33</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горунов А.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горунов А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorunov A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1241">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1241</self-uri><abstract><p>При воссоздании изделий, полученных с помощью аддитивных технологий, основанных на послойном плавлении металлического порошка концентрированными потоками энергии, используют методы, минимизирующие плавление исходного порошка и снижающие структурную неоднородность в материале. Один из таких методов — холодное газодинамическое напыление с интенсификацией процесса лазерным излучением (ХГНЛ). Многослойные ХГНЛ-покрытия имеют гомогенную структуру металла. Вместе с тем значительная шероховатость поверхности обусловлена размером частиц исходного порошка. В работе представлен способ постобработки многослойных ХГНЛ-покрытий, позволяющий получать упрочненный слой на их поверхности. Упрочненный слой формируется путем внедрения порошковых частиц карбида бора ВС в расплавленную лазером область на поверхности покрытия (использовали нержавеющую сталь 316L). Акустическая волна, вызванная «микровзрывом», инициированным лазерным импульсом над поверхностью, толкает частицы карбида в различных направлениях. Часть из них внедряется в «ванну» расплава на поверхности покрытия. Таким образом осуществляется лазерное микродетонационное шаржирование поверхности ХГНЛ-покрытия. В результате исследования упрочненного слоя установлено высокое содержание в нем таких элементов, как B, C, Cr, Fe, Ni. Кроме того, в структуре слоя формируются твердые карбиды ромбической формы. Химический и элементный анализы показали, что ромбообразные карбиды — карбиды типа (Fe, Cr)xBy — содержат высокую концентрацию Cr, Fe и относительно небольшой процент С. Вероятно, они формируются за счет взаимодействия хрома, входящего в состав исходного упрочняемого покрытия, с бором, который высвобождается с поверхности частиц BC при взаимодействии с лазером. При упрочнении поверхности ХГНЛ-покрытия предложенным способом осуществляется плавление поверхности покрытия лазером с одновременной подачей частиц BC, что обеспечивает высокую твердость получаемого упрочненного слоя. Представленный способ упрочнения может быть использован с применением различных порошковых материалов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>When reconstructing products obtained using additive technologies based on layer-by-layer melting of metal powder by concentrated energy flows, it is advisable to use methods that minimize melting of the initial powder and reduce structural heterogeneity of the material. Cold gas-dynamic spraying with laser-induced intensification of the process (CGDSL) is one of them. The multilayer coatings obtained by the CGDSL method have a homogeneous metal structure though a significant surface roughness attributed to the particle size of the original powder is observed. The goal of the study is to develop a new method of post-processing of multilayer coatings obtained by CGDSL which can provide a hardened layer on their surface. A hardened layer is formed through introduction of boron carbide powder particles into the laser-molten region formed on the surface of the coating based on 316L stainless steel. An acoustic wave triggered by a «microexplosion» induced by a laser pulse above the surface pushes carbide particles in different directions. Some of them are embedded into the melt pool on the surface of the coating. Thus, the laser microdetonation cartooning of the surface of the CGDSL coating is implemeted. Study of the hardened layer revealed a high content of B, C, Cr, Fe, and Ni. Moreover, it is shown that solid carbides of rhombic form are formed in the hardened layer. Chemical and elemental analyzes showed that diamond-shaped carbides — carbides of the type (Fe, Cr)xBy — contain a high concentration of Cr, Fe and a relatively small percentage of C. Most likely formation of diamond-shaped carbides occurs due to interaction of chromium which is a part of the initial hardened coating with boron that released from the surface of BC particles under laser impact. The developed method provides hardening of the surface layer of the coating previously obtained by CGDSL by embedding the BC powder particles into the surface. The technology of hardening CGDSL coatings can be implemented using other powder materials.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аддитивное производство</kwd><kwd>лазерная наплавка</kwd><kwd>микроструктура</kwd><kwd>твердость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>additive manufacturing</kwd><kwd>laser cladding</kwd><kwd>microstructure</kwd><kwd>hardness</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда в рамках научного проекта №19-79-00039 (разработка метода упрочнения многослойного покрытия ХГНЛ за счет акустических эффектов, создаваемых лазером, исследования структуры и химического состава упрочненного слоя) и гранта Президента РФ № МК-3745.2019.8 (получение многослойных покрытий методом ХГНЛ).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bagherifard S., Monti S., Zuccoli M., et al. 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