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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2020-86-7-45-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-1243</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕХАНИКА МАТЕРИАЛОВ: ПРОЧНОСТЬ, РЕСУРС, БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANICAL TESTING METHODS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вероятностное многомасштабное моделирование разрушений структурно-неоднородных материалов и конструкций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Probabilistic multiscale modeling of fracture in heterogeneous materials and structures</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепихин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepikhin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Михайлович Лепихин</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр-т Академика М. А. Лаврентьева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly M. Lepikhin</p><p>6, Akad. M. A. Lavrentieva prosp., Novosibirsk, 630090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aml@ict.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махутов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhutov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Андреевич Махутов</p><p>101000, г. Москва, Малый Харитоньевский переулок, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai A. Makhutov</p><p>4, M. Kharitonievsky per., Moscow, 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kei51@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шокин</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shokin</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Иванович Шокин</p><p>630090, г. Новосибирск, пр-т Академика М. А. Лаврентьева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri I. Shokin</p><p>6, Akad. M. A. Lavrentieva prosp., Novosibirsk, 630090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт вычислительных технологий СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Computational Technologies SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт машиноведения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Mechanical Engineering, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лепихин А.М., Махутов Н.А., Шокин Ю.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лепихин А.М., Махутов Н.А., Шокин Ю.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lepikhin A.M., Makhutov N.A., Shokin Y.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1243">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1243</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрены вероятностные аспекты многомасштабного моделирования разрушений гетерогенных структур. Предложен комбинированный подход к решению задач оценки вероятностей разрушения структурно-неоднородных материалов, сочетающий методы гомогенизации с феноменологическими и численными моделями механики разрушения. Сформулирована модель обобщенной гетерогенной структуры, состоящей из разнородных материалов и областей разных масштабов, содержащих трещины и трещиноподобные дефекты. Связь масштабов осуществляется с использованием кинематических условий и многомасштабного принципа виртуальных сил. Вероятность разрушения сформулирована как условная вероятность последовательных вложенных событий разрушения структур разных масштабов. В качестве основных источников разрушений рассмотрены трещины и трещиноподобные дефекты, распределение которых представляется в виде пуассоновских ансамблей. Критические напряжения в вершинах трещин описываются моделью Вейбулла. Получены аналитические выражения для вероятностей разрушения многомасштабных гетерогенных структур с многоуровневыми предельными состояниями. Для оценки вероятностей разрушения с учетом реальной морфологии гетерогенных структур предложен подход на основе модифицированного метода статистического моделирования Монте-Карло. Особенность предлагаемого метода заключается в использовании трехуровневой схемы разрушения с численным решением задач на микро-, мезо- и макромасштабах. В качестве основных переменных используются обобщенные силы продвижения трещин и сопротивления росту трещин. Размеры трещин рассматриваются как обобщенные координаты. Для снижения размерности задача механики разрушения переформулируется в задачу устойчивости гетерогенной структуры под нагрузкой при вариациях обобщенных координат с анализом виртуальной работы обобщенных сил. Получены выражения для оценки вероятностей разрушения многомасштабных гетерогенных структур модифицированным методом Монте-Карло. Отмечены перспективы решения задач риск-анализа гетерогенных структур с помощью указанных подходов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The probabilistic aspects of multiscale modeling of the fracture of heterogeneous structures are considered. An approach combining homogenization methods with phenomenological and numerical models of fracture mechanics is proposed to solve the problems of assessing the probabilities of destruction of structurally heterogeneous materials. A model of a generalized heterogeneous structure consisting of heterogeneous materials and regions of different scales containing cracks and crack-like defects is formulated. Linking of scales is carried out using kinematic conditions and multiscale principle of virtual forces. The probability of destruction is formulated as the conditional probability of successive nested fracture events of different scales. Cracks and crack-like defects are considered the main sources of fracture. The distribution of defects is represented in the form of Poisson ensembles. Critical stresses at the tops of cracks are described by the Weibull model. Analytical expressions for the fracture probabilities of multiscale heterogeneous structures with multilevel limit states are obtained. An approach based on a modified Monte Carlo method of statistical modeling is proposed to assess the fracture probabilities taking into account the real morphology of heterogeneous structures. A feature of the proposed method is the use of a three-level fracture scheme with numerical solution of the problems at the micro, meso and macro scales. The main variables are generalized forces of the crack propagation and crack growth resistance. Crack sizes are considered generalized coordinates. To reduce the dimensionality, the problem of fracture mechanics is reformulated into the problem of stability of a heterogeneous structure under load with variations of generalized coordinates and analysis of the virtual work of generalized forces. Expressions for estimating the fracture probabilities using a modified Monte Carlo method for multiscale heterogeneous structures are obtained. The prospects of using the developed approaches to assess the fracture probabilities and address the problems of risk analysis of heterogeneous structures are shown.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>структурная неоднородность</kwd><kwd>предельное состояние</kwd><kwd>трещиноподобные дефекты</kwd><kwd>многомасштабное моделирование</kwd><kwd>обобщенные силы</kwd><kwd>вероятность разрушения</kwd><kwd>метод Монте-Карло</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>structural heterogeneity</kwd><kwd>limit state</kwd><kwd>crack-like defects</kwd><kwd>multiscale modeling</kwd><kwd>generalized forces</kwd><kwd>fracture probability</kwd><kwd>Monte Carlo</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu X., Zhu Y. Heterogeneous materials: a new class of materials with unprecedented mechanical properties / Mater. Res. Lett. 2017. Vol. 5. N 8. 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