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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2020-86-8-58-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-1262</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. МЕХАНИКА МАТЕРИАЛОВ: ПРОЧНОСТЬ, РЕСУРС, БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. MECHANICAL TESTING METHODS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение характеристик трещиностойкости слоистых углепластиков на образцах без инициатора трещины с применением метода акустической микроскопии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determination of fracture toughness for carbon fiber reinforced plastics free of the crack initiator using the acoustic microscopy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Вячеславович Панков</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Pankov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Токарь</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tokar</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Леонидович Токарь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir L. Tokar</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петронюк</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petronyuk</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Степановна Петронюк</p><p>119334, Москва, ул. Косыгина, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia S. Petronyuk</p><p>4, Kosygina ul., Moscow, 119334</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jps7@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levin</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадим Моисеевич Левин</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim M. Levin</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мороков</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morokov</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егор Степанович Мороков</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor S. Morokov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжова</surname><given-names>Т. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhova</surname><given-names>T. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Борисовна Рыжова</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana B. Ryzhova</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулевский</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulevsky</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Владимирович Гулевский</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Gulevsky</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный Аэрогидродинамический институт им. проф. Н. Е. Жуковского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биохимической физики им. Н. М. Эмануэля Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Панков А.В., Токарь В.Л., Петронюк Ю.С., Левин В.М., Мороков Е.С., Рыжова Т.Б., Гулевский И.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панков А.В., Токарь В.Л., Петронюк Ю.С., Левин В.М., Мороков Е.С., Рыжова Т.Б., Гулевский И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pankov A.V., Tokar V.L., Petronyuk Y.S., Levin V.M., Morokov E.S., Ryzhova T.B., Gulevsky I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1262">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1262</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из параметров трещиностойкости углепластиков является вязкость разрушения, которая представляет собой изменение энергии упругой деформации элемента конструкции при увеличении площади трещины на единицу в момент страгивания. В процессе исследования вязкости разрушения определяется положение фронта трещины — исходной и полученной в результате ее роста. Существующие в настоящее время стандарты испытаний (СТО ЦАГИ, ASTM D7905) определяют вязкость по моде сдвига GIIc на образцах с инициатором трещины. Такой способ не отражает реальные условия возникновения трещин в конструкциях из ПКМ и может приводить к снижению точности при определении нагрузки страгивания трещины. В ЦАГИ разработана методика определения вязкости разрушения ПКМ при сдвиге GIIc на образцах без стандартного инициатора расслоений. Цель работы — проведение исследований для отработки данной методики. Значения GIIc определяли для трещины, образованной сдвигом в условиях трехточечного изгиба после расклинивания. Для определения положения и формы фронта трещины, а также оценки динамики ее распространения при последующих нагрузках вместо стандартного визуального наблюдения ее границ с торцевой поверхности образцов использовали ультразвуковые методы — ультразвуковую дефектоскопию (УЗК) и акустическую микроскопию. Установлено, что акустическая микроскопия на частоте 50 МГц позволяет определять положение фронта трещины в образцах из углепластика на глубине 3,0 – 3,5 мм с высоким разрешением, в данном случае — 100 мкм. Отмечены особенности распространения трещины в процессе роста в условиях сдвига. Результаты исследований показали, что высокая точность акустической микроскопии по сравнению с традиционной ультразвуковой диагностикой востребована при определении формы трещины, для анализа динамики ее распространения и выявления механизмов распространения межслоевых трещин в композиционной среде.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The fracture toughness which reflects change in the elastic deformation energy of the structural element with an increase in the crack area per unit at the onset of straining is one of the crack resistance parameters of carbon fiber plastics (CFRPs). When studying the fracture toughness, the position of the crack front is determined: both the initial one and that obtained as a result of crack growth. Currently existing test standards (STO TsAGI, ASTM D7905) determine the viscosity by the shear mode GIIc using the samples with a crack initiator. However, the method does not reflect the real conditions of crack initiation in CFRPs structures and can lead to a decrease in the accuracy of determining the load of crack initiation. A new technique of the fracture viscosity determination free of the standard delamination initiator has been developed in TsAGI. We present the results of developing the proposed methodology. The GIIc values were determined for a shear crack under three-point bending conditions after wedging. To determine the position and shape of the crack front, as well as to assess the dynamics of its propagation under subsequent loads, we used ultrasonic methods — ultrasonic flaw detection (ultrasonic NDT) and acoustic microscopy instead of the standard visual observation of the crack boundaries from the end surface of the samples. It is shown that acoustic microscopy at a frequency of 50 MHz provides determination of the crack front position in CFRP samples at a depth of 3.0 – 3.5 mm with a high resolution about 100 μm. The features of the crack growth under shear conditions are discussed. The results of the study show that high accuracy of acoustic microscopy in comparison with traditional ultrasonic NDT diagnostics is strongly sought for determining the shape of the cracks, as well as for analyzing the dynamics of crack growth and revealing the mechanisms of interlayer crack propagation in a composite material.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>композиты</kwd><kwd>механические свойства</kwd><kwd>трещиностокость</kwd><kwd>углепластики</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковые методы</kwd><kwd>акустическая микроскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>composites</kwd><kwd>mechanical properties</kwd><kwd>fracture toughness</kwd><kwd>carbon fiber plastics</kwd><kwd>ultrasonic methods</kwd><kwd>acoustic microscopy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации в соответствии с соглашением № RFMEFI62518X0044. Авторы выражают глубокую благодарность Индустриальному партнеру работы — ПАО «Иркут».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pettit D. E., Lauraitis K. N., Cox J. M. Advanced residual strength degradation rate modeling for advanced composite structures / AFWAL-TR-79-3095. Vol. I. Task I: preliminary screening, 1979.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pettit D. E., Lauraitis K. N., Cox J. M. Advanced residual strength degradation rate modeling for advanced composite structures / AFWAL-TR-79-3095. Vol. I. 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