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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2021-87-1-23-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-1346</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИЗ ВЕЩЕСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SUBSTANCES ANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнение стандартных методик определения эффективности диспергентов нефти в лабораторных условиях: их преимущества и недостатки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A comparison of standard test methods for determining the laboratory effectiveness of oil spill dispersants: their benefits and drawbacks</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осипов</surname><given-names>К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osipov</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Осипов</p><p>141700, Московская область, г. Долгопрудный, Институтский переулок, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin Osipov</p><p>9 Institutsky per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow obl., 141700</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">osipov.kb@cet-mipt.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мокочунина</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mokochunina</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Владимировна Мокочунина</p><p>141700, Московская область, г. Долгопрудный, Институтский переулок, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Mokochunina</p><p>9 Institutsky per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow obl., 141700</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панюкова</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panyukova</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Игоревна Панюкова</p><p>141700, Московская область, г. Долгопрудный, Институтский переулок, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria I. Panyukova</p><p>9 Institutsky per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow obl., 141700</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трухина</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trukhina</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Васильевна Трухина</p><p>141700, Московская область, г. Долгопрудный, Институтский переулок, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Trukhina</p><p>9 Institutsky per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow obl., 141700</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марютина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maryutina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Анатольевна Марютина</p><p>141700, Московская область, г. Долгопрудный, Институтский переулок, д. 9</p><p>119334, Москва, ул. Косыгина, д. 19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Maryutina</p><p>9 Institutsky per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow obl., 141700</p><p>19, Kosygina ul., Moscow, 119334</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Инжиниринговый центр МФТИ по полезным ископаемым»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC «MIPT Engineering Center for Minerals»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Инжиниринговый центр МФТИ по полезным ископаемым»; Институт геохимии и аналитической химии им. В. И. Вернадского Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC «MIPT Engineering Center for Minerals»; V. I. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>87</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Осипов К., Мокочунина Т.В., Панюкова Д.И., Трухина М.В., Марютина Т.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Осипов К., Мокочунина Т.В., Панюкова Д.И., Трухина М.В., Марютина Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Osipov K., Mokochunina T.V., Panyukova D.I., Trukhina M.V., Maryutina T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1346">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1346</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведено сравнение двух стандартных лабораторных методик определения эффективности диспергентов нефти ASTM F2059-17 «Standard Test Method for Laboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using the Swirling Flask» и ASTM F3251-17 «Standard Test Method for Laboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using the Baffled Flask»: обе методики практически одинаковы с методической и технической точек зрения, главные различия заключаются в конструкционных особенностях используемых испытательных емкостей и создаваемых внутри них энергиях перемешивания. Установлено, что ASTM F2059-17 можно оценить как низкоэнергетическую лабораторную методику определения эффективности диспергента, а ASTM F3251-17 — как высокоэнергетическую. Приведены конкретные примеры того, как применение той или иной методики влияет на получаемые экспериментально численные значения эффективности диспергента, а также величину массового соотношения диспергента к нефти, подбираемую под их комбинацию, что неизбежно влияет на выбор коммерчески доступного диспергента при проведении операций по ликвидации разливов нефти. Установлено, что для корректного понимания эффективности применения диспергента необходимо использовать обе методики. При этом результаты, полученные по ASTM F2059-17, следует рассматривать как оценку условно нижней границы эффективности исследуемого диспергента, а таковые по ASTM F3251-17 — условно верхней границы. Особо подчеркнуто, что использование рекомендованного в рассматриваемых методиках метода газовой хроматографии с пламенно-ионизационным детектированием (ГХ-ПИД) для анализа экстрактов нефти, получаемых в процессе проведения испытания, не всегда возможно. В качестве альтернативы ГХ-ПИД предложено применение УВИ спектрофотометрии при условии обязательной оптимизации параметров измерения для каждой конкретной нефти.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A comparison of two standard test methods for determining the laboratory effectiveness of oil spill dispersants — ASTM F2059-17 «Standard Test Method for Laboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using the Swirling Flask» and ASTM F3251-17 «Standard Test Method for Laboratory Oil Spill Dispersant Effectiveness Using the Baffled Flask» — is presented in this article. It is underlined that ASTM F2059-17 and ASTM F3251-17 are almost identical from the methodological and technical points of view. The main differences lie in specific design features of the applied test vessels and mixing energies created inside them. It is reasonably established that ASTM F2059-17 can be defined as a low-energy, but ASTM F3251-17 — as a high-energy laboratory test method. The specific examples of application of the test methods for determining the effectiveness of commercially available dispersants are given. It is also concluded that both test methods are necessary to apply for a correct understanding of the dispersant effectiveness. Herewith, the results obtained according to ASTM F2059-17 should be conditionally considered as the lower limit and those according to ASTM F3251-17 — the upper limit of effectiveness of the dispersant. Moreover, the use of gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) is emphasized to be sometimes impossible as a recommended in both ASTM F2059-17 and ASTM F3251-17 method for analyzing the oil extracts obtained during the test. The UV spectrophotometry is proposed instead of GC-FID as an alternative. However, its application is possible only after mandatory optimization of the measurement parameters for each specific oil.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диспергент нефти</kwd><kwd>эффективность</kwd><kwd>лабораторная методика</kwd><kwd>SFT-тест</kwd><kwd>BFT-тест</kwd><kwd>низкоэнергетическая методика</kwd><kwd>высокоэнергетическая методика</kwd><kwd>энергия перемешивания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oil spill dispersant</kwd><kwd>effectiveness</kwd><kwd>laboratory test method</kwd><kwd>SFT-test</kwd><kwd>BFT-test</kwd><kwd>low-energy method</kwd><kwd>high-energy method</kwd><kwd>mixing energy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">СТО 318.4.02–2005. 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