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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2022-88-3-23-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-1614</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностика материалов дифракционными оптическими методами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostics of materials by diffraction optical methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марчук</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marchuk</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Иванович Марчук</p><p>346500, Ростовская обл., г. Шахты, ул. Шевченко, д. 147</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Marchuk</p><p>147, ul. Shevchenko, Shakhty, Rostovskaya obl., 346500</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marchuk@sssu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Окорочков</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okorochkov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Иванович Окорочков</p><p>346500, Ростовская обл., г. Шахты, ул. Шевченко, д. 147</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander I. Okorochkov</p><p>147, ul. Shevchenko, Shakhty, Rostovskaya obl., 346500</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Владимирович Семенов</p><p>346500, Ростовская обл., г. Шахты, ул. Шевченко, д. 147</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Semenov</p><p>147, ul. Shevchenko, Shakhty, Rostovskaya obl., 346500</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садртдинов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadrtdinov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Айдарович Садртдинов</p><p>346500, Ростовская обл., г. Шахты, ул. Шевченко, д. 147</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya A. Sadrtdinov</p><p>147, ul. Shevchenko, Shakhty, Rostovskaya obl., 346500</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никишин</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikishin</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Олегович Никишин</p><p>346500, Ростовская обл., г. Шахты, ул. Шевченко, д. 147</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan O. Nikishin</p><p>147, ul. Shevchenko, Shakhty, Rostovskaya obl., 346500</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Донской государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Don State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>88</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Марчук В.И., Окорочков А.И., Семенов В.В., Садртдинов И.А., Никишин И.О., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Марчук В.И., Окорочков А.И., Семенов В.В., Садртдинов И.А., Никишин И.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Marchuk V.I., Okorochkov A.I., Semenov V.V., Sadrtdinov I.A., Nikishin I.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1614">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1614</self-uri><abstract><p>Внутреннее состояние материала, достигнутое в результате технологической обработки, косвенно отражается на состоянии его поверхности. Для бесконтактного метода неразрушающего контроля состояния материала, основанного на визуальном анализе поверхности, необходимы высококачественные изображения, которые могут быть получены либо с использованием линзовых объективов, либо с помощью безлинзовых технологий. В работе представлены результаты исследования обработки изображений, полученные при применении безлинзовых технологий. Использовали методы моделирования фазовых масок и обработки изображений, основанные на итерационных алгоритмах Герчберга – Секстона, адаптивно-аддитивном и алгоритме, использующем вращение фазовой маски. Анализировали такие материалы, как гранит, графит, песок и углеродистая сталь. Показано, что построение фотокамер позволяет существенно уменьшить их габариты с сохранением или даже улучшением характеристик. Полученные с помощью безлинзовых технологий изображения и предлагаемые методы обработки дают возможность значительно повысить точность визуального контроля материалов. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для совершенствования безлинзовых технологий, улучшения качества изображений и сокращения времени их обработки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The internal state of the material formed as a result of technological processing, indirectly affects the state of the material surface. A non-contact method of non-destructive control of the state of materials based on a visual analysis of the surface, requires high-quality images which can be obtained either using lens objectives or lenseless technologies. The results of studying image processing obtained by lensless technologies are presented. We used methods for modeling phase masks and image processing based on Gerchberg – Saxton iterative algorithms, adaptive-additive and phase mask rotation based algorithms. Materials such as granite, graphite, sand and carbon steel were analyzed. It is shown that the construction of cameras can provide significant reduction of their dimensions at the same or even improved characteristics. The images obtained using lensless technologies and the proposed methods of image processing also provide a significant increase in the accuracy of visual inspection of materials. The results obtained can be used in refining lensless technologies, improving the quality of images and reducing time of their processing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дифракционные оптические методы</kwd><kwd>итерационные алгоритмы обработки изображений</kwd><kwd>моделирование фазовых масок</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diffraction optical methods</kwd><kwd>iterative algorithms for image processing</kwd><kwd>modeling of phase masks</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Грудин Б. Н., Плотников В. 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