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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2022-88-7-43-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-1701</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование структуры фибриногена методом малоуглового синхротронного рассеяния</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the fibrinogen structure by the method of small-angle synchrotron scattering</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петраков</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrakov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Павлович Петраков</p><p>Россия, 167001, г. Сыктывкар, Октябрьский пр-т, д. 55</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly P. Petrakov</p><p>55, Octyabrsky pr., Syktyvkar, 167001, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrakov@syktsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубавичус</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubavichus</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ян Витаутасович Зубавичус</p><p>Россия, 630559, Новосибирская обл., г. Кольцово, Никольский пр-т., д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yan V. Zubavichus</p><p>1, Nikolsky pr., Koltsovo, Novosibirsk obl., 630559, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сыктывкарский государственный университет имени Питирима Сорокина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЦКП «СКИФ», Институт катализа имени Г. К. Борескова СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Synchrotron Radiation Facility SKIF, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>88</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петраков А.П., Зубавичус Я.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петраков А.П., Зубавичус Я.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrakov A.P., Zubavichus Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1701">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1701</self-uri><abstract><p>Фибриноген синтезируется клетками печени человека и постоянно присутствует в крови. Белок — основной фактор свертывания крови — в значительной степени определяет ее вязкость. При повреждении кровеносного сосуда или ткани в организме начинается гемостаз (свертывание крови). Фибриноген под действием тромбина преобразуется в фибрин — нерастворимый биополимер, сеть волокон которого — основа кровяного сгустка, обеспечивающего гемостаз. Помимо заживления ран, фибриноген участвует в патогенезе злокачественных новообразований. Фибриноген, меченый 125I, используют для диагностики тромбозов, поскольку он проникает в тромбы. В работе представлены результаты исследования структуры фибриногена в плазме крови человека методом малоуглового рентгеновского рассеяния (МУР). Метод МУР, широко применяемый для анализа надатомной структуры веществ, позволяет определять размер доменов, присутствующих в белках, их форму, а также конформацию сегментов цепных макромолекул в виде гауссовых и персистентных цепей. Важная особенность метода — возможность изучения биологических объектов в их естественном состоянии, без какой-либо специальной подготовки. Показано, что в структуре фибриногена присутствуют глобулярные домены двух размеров (диаметры — 8,4 и 4 нм соответственно). Домены соединены между собой полипептидными цепями (α, β, γ), скрученными в виде спиральных катушек. Жесткость цепей, оцененная в виде персистентной длины, составила 3,1. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в хирургической практике и заместительной терапии при создании фибринового клея в качестве гемостатического препарата, останавливающего кровотечение при минимальной инвазивности вмешательства, и препаратов, устраняющих дефицит фибриногена в крови.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fibrinogen is synthesized by human liver cells and is constantly present in the blood. Protein is the main factor of blood clotting and largely determines the blood viscosity. Any damage to a blood vessel or tissue in the body triggers hemostasis (blood clotting). Fibrinogen under the action of thrombin is converted into fibrin, an insoluble biopolymer, which is the basis of a blood clot that provides hemostasis. Apart of wound healing, fibrinogen is involved in the pathogenesis of malignant neoplasms. Fibrinogen labeled with 125I is used to diagnose thrombosis because it penetrates blood clots. We present the results of studying the structure of fibrinogen in human blood plasma using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAX). The SAX method, widely used in analysis of supra-atomic structures of substances, provides determination of the size of domains present in proteins, their shape, as well as the conformation of segments of chain macromolecules in the form of Gaussian and persistent chains. An important feature of the method is the possibility of studying biological objects in their natural state, without any special pretreatment. It is shown that globular domains of two sizes (diameters — 8.4 and 4 nm, respectively) are present in the structure of fibrinogen. The domains are coupled by polypeptide chains (α, β, γ) twisted in the form of spiral coils. The stiffness of the chains estimated as a persistent length was 3.1. The results obtained can be used in surgical practice and replacement therapy when creating fibrin glue as a hemostatic drug that stops bleeding with minimal invasiveness of intervention, and drugs that eliminate fibrinogen deficiency in the blood.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фибриноген</kwd><kwd>домены</kwd><kwd>малоугловое рассеяние</kwd><kwd>радиус инерции</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>полипептидные цепи</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fibrinogen</kwd><kwd>domains</kwd><kwd>small-angle scattering</kwd><kwd>radius of inertia</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>polypeptide chains</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jianhui S., Jichen Li, Hue S. Small-Angle X-ray scattering signatures of conformational heterogeneity and homogeneity of disordered protein ensembles / J. Phys. Chem. B. 2021. Vol. 125. N 24. P. 6451 – 6478. 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