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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2023-89-4-38-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-1908</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование микроструктуры метастабильной аустенитной хромомарганцевой стали 14Х15Г9НД методами оптической и электронной микроскопии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the microstructure of metastable austenitic chromium manganese steel 14Kh15G9ND by optical and electron microscopy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернигин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernigin</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 603950, г. Нижний Новгород, Сормовское ш., д. 1А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 1A, Sormovskoe sh., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">linuxjuicy@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокина</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokina</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 603950, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, д. 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 24, ul. Minina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyev</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 603950, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, д. 24</p><p> 603950, г. Нижний Новгород, Сормовское ш., д. 1А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 24, ul. Minina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950</p><p> 1A, Sormovskoe sh., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЦНИИ Буревестник</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute Burevestnik</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Нижегородский государственный технический университет имени Р. Е. Алексеева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>R. E. Alekseev Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Нижегородский государственный технический университет имени Р. Е. Алексеева; ЦНИИ Буревестник</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>R. E. Alekseev Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University; Central Research Institute Burevestnik</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>89</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чернигин М.А., Сорокина С.А., Воробьев Р.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чернигин М.А., Сорокина С.А., Воробьев Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernigin M.A., Sorokina S.A., Vorobyev R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1908">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1908</self-uri><abstract><p>Современная металлография — комплекс качественных и количественных методов исследования структуры — широко применяется для анализа микроструктуры металлических сплавов. В работе представлены результаты исследования микроструктуры аустенитной хромомарганцевой стали 14Х15Г9НД методами оптической и электронной микроскопии. Используя существующие методики, были выбраны реактив и способ травления, наиболее подходящие для данной марки стали и позволяющие идентифицировать ее основные структурно-фазовые составляющие (аустенит, двойники, полосы скольжения). Результаты оптической и растровой микроскопии образцов, деформированных с разной степенью холодной пластической деформации, сравнивали между собой. Установлено, что для качественного выявления микроструктуры стали следует использовать электрохимическое травление в водном растворе хромового ангидрида. Были также определены оптимальные параметры плотности тока и напряжения. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при оптической микроскопии хромомарганцевых сталей, а также при более полном исследовании их дислокационных структур методом растровой микроскопии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern metallography being a complex of qualitative and quantitative methods is widely used to analyze the microstructure of metal alloys. We present the results of studying the microstructure of austenitic chromium-manganese steel 14Kh15G9ND by optical and electron microscopy. The method of etching and the reagent, the most suitable for this steel grade, which provide identification of the main structural and phase components (austenite, twins, slip strips) of the steel were selected using the existing techniques. The results of optical and scanning microscopy of the samples deformed with a different degree of cold plastic deformation were compared with each other. It is shown that electrochemical etching in an aqueous solution of chromium anhydride should be used for qualitative determination of the steel microstructure. Optimal parameters of the current density and voltage were also determined. The results obtained can be used for optical microscopy of chromium-manganese steels, as well as for a more complete study of the dislocation structures present in them using scanning microscopy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аустенитная хромомарганцевая сталь</kwd><kwd>микроструктурный анализ</kwd><kwd>травление нержавеющих сталей</kwd><kwd>электрохимическое травление.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>austenitic chromium-manganese steel</kwd><kwd>microstructural analysis</kwd><kwd>etching of stainless steels</kwd><kwd>electrochemical etching</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Большаков В. 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