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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2023-89-7-45-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-1975</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕХАНИКА МАТЕРИАЛА: ПРОЧНОСТЬ, РЕСУРС, БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIALS MECHANICS: STRENGTH, DURABILITY, SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диаметральное сжатие коротких цилиндров с центральным отверстием как метод оценки сопротивления разрыву хрупких материалов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diametral compression of short cylinders with a central hole as a method for assessing the tear resistance of brittle materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гольцев</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goltsev</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Юрьевич Гольцев</p><p>115409, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 31</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir Yu. Goltsev</p><p>31, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115409</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gvy587@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осинцев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osintsev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Вениаминович Осинцев</p><p>115409, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 31</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Osintsev</p><p>31, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115409</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотников</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Сергеевич Плотников</p><p>115409, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 31</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr S. Plotnikov</p><p>31, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115409</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Польский</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polskij</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Игоревич Польский</p><p>115409, Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 31</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriy I. Polskij</p><p>31, Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow, 115409</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>89</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гольцев В.Ю., Осинцев А.В., Плотников А.С., Польский В.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гольцев В.Ю., Осинцев А.В., Плотников А.С., Польский В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goltsev V.Y., Osintsev A.V., Plotnikov A.S., Polskij V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1975">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1975</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследована возможность оценки сопротивления разрыву хрупких материалов путем испытания диаметральным сжатием коротких цилиндров – сплошных и с центральным отверстием. Расчетный анализ выполнен методом конечных элементов с применением программы ANSYS. Показано, что распределение напряжений в диске с отверстием аналогично их распределению в диске без отверстия, но имеет возмущения, внесенные концентратором напряжений в виде отверстия. Нормированные значения максимальных первых главных напряжений для диска с отверстием более чем в 5 раз превышают таковые для диска без отверстия. Экспериментальный анализ проведен путем испытания коротких цилиндров как сплошных, так и с центральным отверстием, изготовленных из хрупких материалов – чугуна и графита. Установлено, что сопротивление разрушению, определенное по формуле стандарта ASTM D3967-95a, для сплошных образцов из чугуна практически не отличается, а для образцов из графита отличается в 1,5 раза от истинного сопротивления разрыву материалов. При испытании образцов из чугуна и графита с центральным отверстием сопротивления разрыву отличаются от стандартного соответственно в 1,5 и почти в 2,5 раза. Отмечен и разный характер разрушения образцов – медленный контролируемый разрыв чугуна и динамическое разрушение графита при соответствующих диаграммах деформирования. В качестве примера приведены результаты испытания реальных цилиндрических образцов с центральным отверстием – топливных таблеток диоксида урана. Показано, что результаты испытания образцов из графита АРВ-1 и топливных таблеток хорошо согласуются. Таким образом, подтверждена возможность испытания малоразмерных коротких цилиндров по схеме диаметрального сжатия для косвенной оценки прочности на растяжение хрупких материалов. Предложена расчетная формула для косвенной оценки прочности на растяжение хрупких материалов по результатам испытаний малоразмерных коротких цилиндров как с центральным отверстием, так и без него по схеме диаметрального сжатия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The possibility of evaluating the tear resistance of brittle materials by diametral compression test of short cylinders (solid and central with a central hole) has been analyzed. The computational analysis was performed by the finite element method using the ANSYS program. It is shown that the stress distribution in a disk with a hole is similar that without a hole but contains disturbances introduced by a stress concentrator in the form of a hole. The normalized values of the maximum first principal stresses for a disk with a hole exceed the values for a disk without a hole by more than 5 times. The experimental analysis was carried out by testing short cylinders, both solid and with a central hole, made of brittle materials: cast iron and graphite. It is noted that the fracture resistance, determined by the formula recommended by the ASTM D3967 – 95a standard, practically does not differ for solid cast iron samples, and for graphite differs by 1.5 times from the true tear resistance of materials; when testing samples with a central hole, the tear resistance differs from the standard values by a factor of 1.5 and almost 2.5, respectively. The different nature of the sample destruction is also noted: slow controlled rupture of cast iron and dynamic destruction of graphite with the corresponding deformation diagrams. The results of testing fuel pellets of uranium dioxide are given as an example of testing real cylindrical samples with a central hole. It is shown that the test results of ARV-1 graphite samples are in good agreement with the test results of fuel samples. Thus, the possibility of testing small-sized short cylinders according to the diametral compression scheme for indirect assessment of the tensile strength of brittle materials has been confirmed. A calculation formula is proposed for an indirect assessment of the tensile strength of brittle materials based on the results of testing small-sized short cylinders, both with and without a central hole according to the diametral compression scheme.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диаметральное сжатие</kwd><kwd>короткие цилиндры с центральным отверстием</kwd><kwd>сопротивление разрыву</kwd><kwd>хрупкие материалы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diametral compression</kwd><kwd>short cylinders with a central hole</kwd><kwd>tear resistance</kwd><kwd>brittle materials</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rodriguez J., Navarro C., Sanchez-Galvez V. Splitting tests: an alternative to determine the dynamic tensile strength of ceramic materials / Journal de Physique IV Colloque. 1994. N 04(C8). P. C8-101 – C8-106. 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