zldmЗаводская лаборатория. Диагностика материаловIndustrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials1028-68612588-0187ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»10.26896/1028-6861-2023-89-7-61-70zldm-1977Research ArticleМЕХАНИКА МАТЕРИАЛА: ПРОЧНОСТЬ, РЕСУРС, БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬMATERIALS MECHANICS: STRENGTH, DURABILITY, SAFETYОпределение формообразующего поведения термопластичных композиционных материалов для моделирования термоформованияDetermination of the shaping behavior of thermoplastic composite materials required for simulation of thermoformingСоловьевР. И.SolovyovR. I.

Руслан Ильдарович Соловьев

420111, г. Казань, ул. К. Маркса, д. 10

Ruslan I. Solovyov

10, ul. K. Marksa, Kazan, 420111

СафинА. Р.SafinA. R.

Артем Ришатович Сафин

420111, г. Казань, ул. К. Маркса, д. 10

Artem R. Safin

10, ul. K. Marksa, Kazan, 420111

БалькаевД. А.BalkaevD. A.

Динар Ансарович Балькаев

420111, г. Казань, ул. К. Маркса, д. 10;

420008, г. Казань, ул. Кремлевская, д. 18

Dinar A. Balkaev

10, ul. K. Marksa, Kazan, 420111;

18, Kremlevskaya ul., Kazan, 420008

dinar.balkaev@yandex.ruБатраковВ. В.BatrakovV. V.

Владимир Владимирович Батраков

420111, г. Казань, ул. К. Маркса, д. 10

Vladimir V. Batrakov

10, ul. K. Marksa, Kazan, 420111

АмироваЛ. М.AmirovaL. M.

Лилия Миниахмедовна Амирова

420111, г. Казань, ул. К. Маркса, д. 10

Liliya M. Amirova

10, ul. K. Marksa, Kazan, 420111

Казанский национальный исследовательский технический университет имени А. Н. Туполева – КАИРоссияA. N. Tupolev Kazan National Research Technical University – KAIRussian FederationКазанский национальный исследовательский технический университет имени А. Н. Туполева – КАИ; Казанский федеральный университетРоссияA. N. Tupolev Kazan National Research Technical University – KAI; Kazan Federal UniversityRussian Federation2023260720238976170Copyright © Соловьев Р.И., Сафин А.Р., Балькаев Д.А., Батраков В.В., Амирова Л.М., 20232023Соловьев Р.И., Сафин А.Р., Балькаев Д.А., Батраков В.В., Амирова Л.М.Solovyov R.I., Safin A.R., Balkaev D.A., Batrakov V.V., Amirova L.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/1977

Формообразование композиционных консолидированных пластин в изделия – процесс комплексный. Для получения бездефектных изделий необходимо учитывать, что армированные тканями термопласты практически не растягиваются, а их формообразующее поведение определяется механизмами сдвиговых деформаций внутри слоя и между слоями, процессами скольжения композита по поверхности оснастки и изгибной жесткостью консолидированных пластин. В связи со сложным поведением материала при деформировании оптимизировать процесс термоформования методом проб и ошибок достаточно дорого, поэтому рационально его заменить предварительным моделированием. Присутствующие на рынке программные пакеты, специализирующиеся на моделировании процесса термоформования, для создания корректной модели материала требуют введения таких входных параметров, как драпируемость консолидированной пластины, т.е. способность композита, армированного тканями, принимать пространственную форму, ее изгибная жесткость, коэффициент трения между слоями и оснасткой. Однако до настоящего времени стандарты на их измерение отсутствуют, что значительно сдерживает процесс моделирования термоформования изделий из консолидированных пластин на основе термопластичных связующих. В работе приведены данные экспериментального определения некоторых физико-механических свойств углепластика на основе полипропилена PP01030. Эксперименты включали испытания на растяжение-смещение образца, тесты подвижной рамкой, позволяющие оценить сдвиговое поведение термопластичных композиционных материалов, а также испытания по определению межслоевого трения и трения композита с оснасткой. Испытания проводили при температуре плавления матрицы с использованием специализированных оснасток, изготовленных с учетом опыта физико-механических испытаний термопластичных композиционных материалов зарубежных исследователей. Предложена методика определения изгибной жесткости термопластичных углепластиков. Представленные оснастки не требуют прикладывания сложного усилия, их работа осуществляется путем использования стандартных зажимов на растяжение испытательной машины. Данные, полученные в процессе испытаний, могут быть использованы при виртуальном моделировании термоформования консолидированных композиционных пластин.

The shaping of composite consolidated plates into products is a complex process. To obtain a defect-free product, we have to bear in mind that thermoplastics reinforced with a fabric practically do not stretch, and their shaping behavior is determined by the mechanisms of shear deformations within a layer or between layers, by the processes of sliding a composite over the surface of tooling and by the flexural rigidity of the consolidated plates. Due to the complex behavior of the material during deformation, the optimization of the thermoforming process by trial and error is rather expensive in implementation and can be successfully replaced by a preliminary simulation. The available software packages intended for modeling the thermoforming process which provide construction of a correct model of the material consistent with the reality, require the introduction of input parameters for the drape of the consolidated plate, its flexural stiffness, the coefficient of friction between layers and with tooling. However, until now there are no standards for their measurement, which significantly hinders the process of modeling the thermoforming of products from consolidated plates based on thermoplastic binders. We present experimental data on the determination of some physical and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastics based on polypropylene PP01030, including tensile-displacement tests of the sample, tests with a moving frame that provide evaluating the shear behavior of thermoplastic composite materials, as well as tests for determining the interlayer friction and friction of a composite with tooling. The tests were carried out at the melting temperature of the matrix using specialized tooling, made taking into account the experience of foreign research groups in physical and mechanical testing of thermoplastic composite materials. A method for determining the flexural rigidity of thermoplastic carbon fiber reinforced plastics is proposed. The presented tooling does not require the application of a complex force, and needs only standard tensile test clamps of the testing machine. The data obtained from the physicomechanical tests can be used in virtual modeling of the thermoforming process of consolidated composite plates.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.