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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2023-89-12-74-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-2084</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. МЕХАНИКА МАТЕРИАЛОВ: ПРОЧНОСТЬ, РЕСУРС, БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. MECHANICAL TESTING METHODS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Определение сдвиговых характеристик полимерных композиционных материалов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determination of the shear characteristics of polymer composite materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абашев</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abashev</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Викторович Абашев</p><p>125167, Москва, Ленинградский проспект, д. 47, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Abashev</p><p>47/2, Leningradsky prosp., Moscow, 125167</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.abashev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смагин</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smagin</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Игоревич Смагин</p><p>125315, Москва, Ленинградский проспект, д. 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy I. Smagin</p><p>68, Leningradsky prosp., Moscow, 125315</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яшутин</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yashutin</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Григорьевич Яшутин</p><p>125315, Москва, Ленинградский проспект, д. 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey G. Yashutin</p><p>68, Leningradsky prosp., Moscow, 125315</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «АэроКомпозит»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC «AeroComposit»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ПАО Корпорация «Яковлев»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>PJSC «Yakovlev»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>89</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абашев О.В., Смагин Е.И., Яшутин А.Г., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абашев О.В., Смагин Е.И., Яшутин А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abashev O.V., Smagin E.I., Yashutin A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2084">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2084</self-uri><abstract><p>Слоистые полимерные композиционные материалы (ПКМ) на основе углеродного волокна и эпоксидного связующего широко применяют в конструкции пассажирских самолетов. Из ПКМ выполняют как слабонагруженные, так и основные силовые элементы планера самолётов. В производстве уровень механических характеристик для всех силовых элементов из ПКМ должен быть подтвержден экспериментальными данными — испытаниями образцов-свидетелей. Одна из важнейших характеристик слоистого композиционного материала — способность воспринимать сдвиговые нагрузки в плоскости пакетов слоев (ламинатов). Для определения характеристик сдвига используют стандартные методы испытаний — по ASTM D5379 и ASTM D7078. Эти методы позволяют установить свойства при сдвиге композиционных материалов на основе полимерной матрицы, усиленной высокомодульным волокном. В целях выбора оптимального для выходного контроля изделия метода испытаний проведены сравнительные испытания по обоим стандартам. Приведены преимущества и недостатки рассматриваемых методов. Для испытаний были изготовлены образцы из стенки и зоны припуска лонжерона, на которых определяли значения разрушающих напряжений и модуля сдвига по каждому методу. Результаты испытаний показали, что разрушающие сдвиговые напряжения в материале, полученные по ASTM D7078, значительно (в 1,8 раза) превосходят определенные по ASTM D5379. При этом модуль упругости отличается незначительно — в 1,1 раза. Это объясняется чувствительностью результатов испытаний к методу нагружения и качеству изготовления образцов. При растяжении по ASTM D7078 нагрузка передается через лицевые поверхности образцов, имеющие высокое качество за счет оснастки или вакуумного мешка. При сжатии по ASTM D5379 критичным становится параллельность граней, через которые распределяется нагрузка. Кроме того, на результаты испытаний по ASTM D5379 оказывает влияние толщина образца — чем она больше, тем выше модуль сдвига. На основании полученных результатов сформулированы рекомендации по применению методов определения сдвиговых характеристик слоистых ПКМ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Layered polymer composite materials (LPCM) based on carbon fiber and epoxy are widely used in the construction of commercial aircraft both in manufacturing lightly loaded and main power elements of aircraft airframes. The level of mechanical characteristics for all the composite constructions must be confirmed by experimental data of coupon testing. One of the most important characteristics of a layered composite material is the ability to perceive shear loads. Standard test methods ASTM D5379 and ASTM D7078 are used to determine the shear characteristics. These test methods enable determination of the shear properties of composite materials based on a polymer matrix reinforced with a high-modulus fiber. Comparative tests were carried out according to both methods. The samples were made from the wall and the tehnological zones of the spar to determine the values of destructive stresses and shear modulus. The results showed that the shear stresses in the material obtained by ASTMD7078 significantly (1.8 times) exceed those determined by ASTM D5379. At the same time, the modulus of elasticity differs slightly (by 1.1 times). This is due to the sensitivity of the test results to the method of loading and the quality of the specimens. When stretched according to ASTMD7078, the load is transmitted through the front surfaces of the coupons, which are obtained with sufficiently high quality from the tooling or vacuum bag. When compressed by ASTM D5379, the parallelism of the faces through which the load is distributed becomes critical. Moreover, the thickness of the sample also affected the test results obtained according to ASTM D5379, the greater the thickness, the greater the shear modulus. Proceeding from the results obtained, the recommendations on the choice of the method to be used for determining the shear characteristics of LPCM are formulated.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>слоистые полимерные композиционные материалы</kwd><kwd>механические характеристики ПКМ</kwd><kwd>испытание на сдвиг</kwd><kwd>методы испытаний</kwd><kwd>сопровождение производства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>composite materials</kwd><kwd>mechanical characteristics</kwd><kwd>shear testing</kwd><kwd>test methods</kwd><kwd>production support</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baker A., Dutton S., Kelly D. Composite Materials for Aircraft Structures. Second Edition. — AIAA, Inc., 2004. — 569 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baker A., Dutton S., Kelly D. Composite Materials for Aircraft Structures. 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