zldmЗаводская лаборатория. Диагностика материаловIndustrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials1028-68612588-0187ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»10.26896/1028-6861-2024-90-4-5-11zldm-2165Research ArticleАНАЛИЗ ВЕЩЕСТВАSUBSTANCES ANALYSISВлияние магнитных наночастиц и хлорида цетилпиридиния на электроаналитические свойства планарных сенсоров, чувствительных к цефуроксиму и цефотаксимуThe effect of magnetic nanoparticles and cetylpyridinium chloride on the electroanalytical properties of planar sensors sensitive to cefuroxime and cefotaximeКулапинаЕ. Г.KulapinaE. G.

Елена Григорьевна Кулапина,

410012, г. Саратов, ул. Астраханская, д. 83.

Elena G. Kulapina,

83, ul. Astrakhanskya, Saratov, 410012.

kulapinaeg@mail.ruМурсаловР. К.MursalovR. K.

Руслан Кямранович Мурсалов,

410012, г. Саратов, ул. Астраханская, д. 83.

Ruslan K. Mursalov,

83, ul. Astrakhanskya, Saratov, 410012.

КулапинаО. И.KulapinaO. I.

Ольга Ивановна Кулапина,

410012, г. Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, д. 112.

Olga I. Kulapina,

112, ul. Bolshaya Kazach’ya, Saratov, 410012.

olgakulapina@mail.ruСаратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет им. Н. Г. ЧернышевскогоРоссияN. G. Chernyshevsky Saratov National Research State UniversityRussian FederationСаратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В. И. РазумовскогоРоссияV. I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202420042024904511Copyright © Кулапина Е.Г., Мурсалов Р.К., Кулапина О.И., 20242024Кулапина Е.Г., Мурсалов Р.К., Кулапина О.И.Kulapina E.G., Mursalov R.K., Kulapina O.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2165

Разработаны планарные потенциометрические сенсоры, чувствительные к цефалоспориновым антибиотикам — цефуроксиму и цефотаксиму. В качестве электродно-активных компонентов использованы ассоциаты тетрадециламмония с комплексными соединениями серебро (I)-цефуроксим (цефотаксим). Интервалы линейности электродных функций для немодифицированных сенсоров — 1 · 10–5 (1 · 10–4) – 1 · 10–2 моль/л, угловые коэффициенты — 46 ± 6 мВ/pC, время отклика — 40 с. Показана роль магнитных наночастиц Fe3O4 и хлорида цетилпиридиния (ЦПХ) в улучшении электроаналитических свойств сенсоров в растворах цефуроксима и цефотаксима. Найдены оптимальные соотношения модификаторов в углеродсодержащих чернилах (Fe3O4:ЦПХ = 1:2,5). Определены основные электроаналитические характеристики модифицированных сенсоров: введение в углеродсодержащие чернила бинарной смеси магнитных наночастиц и хлорида цетилпиридиния приводит к снижению предела обнаружения цефуроксима и цефотаксима до 1 · 10–6 (1 · 10–7 моль/л), увеличению угловых коэффициентов (55 ± 3 мВ/pC) и интервалов линейности электродных функций (1 · 10–6 – 1 · 10–2 моль/л), снижению времени отклика до 26 – 30 с. Адсорбция ПАВ на границе раздела фаз обеспечивает стабильность суспензии наночастиц и позволяет провести концентрирование молекул аналита. Электростатические и гидрофобные взаимодействия с ПАВ увеличивают растворимость органических соединений. Показано применение модифицированных «screen-printed» сенсоров для определения цефуроксима и цефотаксима в лекарственных препаратах и модельных водных растворах с внесенными добавками антибиотиков.

Planar screen-printed potentiometric sensors sensitive to cephalosporin antibiotics cefuroxime (Cefur) and cefotaxime (Ceftx) has been developed. Cefotaxime is an amphoteric antibiotic with carboxyl and aminothiazole groups (third generation), cefuroxime is an acidic antibiotic of the second generation. Tetradecylammonium associates with complex compounds silver (I)-cefuroxime (cefotaxime) were used as electrode-active components (EAC). The linearity intervals of the electrode functions for unmodified sensors are 1 × 10–5 (1 × 10–4) – 1 × 10–2 M, angular coefficients 46 ± 6 mV/pC, response time 40 sec. The role of magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4 and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPCh) in improving the electroanalytical properties of sensors in aqueous of cefuroxime and cefotaxime is shown. Optimal ratios of modifiers in carbon-containing inks (Fe3O4:CPCh = 1:2.5) were found. The main electroanalytical characteristics of the sensors are determined. The introduction of a binary mixture of magnetic nanoparticles and cetylpyridinium chloride into carbon-containing inks leads to an improvement in the electroanalytical properties of planar sensors sensitive to cefuroxime and cefotaxime: at the same time, the detection limit of 1 × 10–6 (1 × 10–7 M) decreases, angular coefficients (55 ± 3 mV/pC) and linearity intervals of the electrode functions (1 × 10–6 – 1 × 10–2 M), response time 26 – 30 sec. The adsorption of surfactants at the interface ensures the stability of the suspension of nanoparticles and allows the concentration of analyte molecules. Electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions of surfactants increase the solubility of organic compounds. The use of modified screen-printed sensors for the determination of cefuroxime and cefotaxime in medicinal preparations and model aqueous with added antibiotics is shown.

цефуроксимцефотаксимпланарные потенциометрические сенсорымагнитные наночастицыхлорид цетилпиридинияфармацевтические препаратыcefuroximecefotaximeplanar screen-printed sensorsmagnetic nanoparticlescetylpyridinium chloride (CPCh)pharmaceuticalsАвторы выражают благодарность научной группе заслуженного деятеля науки РФ д.х.н. профессора С. Н. Штыкова за предоставленные образцы магнитных наночастиц.ReferencesMashkovsky M. D. Medicines. — Moscow: Novaya volna, 2021. — 1216 p. [in Russian].Mashkovsky M. D. Medicines. — Moscow: Novaya volna, 2021. — 1216 p. [in Russian].Kryuk T. V., Tyurina T. G., Kudryavtseva T. A. Spectrophotometric determination of cephalosporin antibiotics of the third generation by reaction with Cu (II) / Vestn. DonNU. Ser. A. Estestv. Nauki. 2021. N 1. P. 78 – 82 [in Russian].Kryuk T. V., Tyurina T. G., Kudryavtseva T. A. Spectrophotometric determination of cephalosporin antibiotics of the third generation by reaction with Cu (II) / Vestn. DonNU. Ser. A. Estestv. Nauki. 2021. N 1. P. 78 – 82 [in Russian].Sharaf Y. A., Ibrahim A. E., El Deeb S., Sayed R. A. Green chemometric determination of cefotaxime sodium in the presence of its degradation impurities using different multivariate data processing tools; GAPI and AGREE greenness evaluation / Molecules. 2023. Vol. 28. N 5. P. 2187 – 2204. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052187Sharaf Y. A., Ibrahim A. E., El Deeb S., Sayed R. A. Green chemometric determination of cefotaxime sodium in the presence of its degradation impurities using different multivariate data processing tools; GAPI and AGREE greenness evaluation / Molecules. 2023. Vol. 28. N 5. P. 2187 – 2204. DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052187Humeidy I. T. Spectrophotometric determination of cefotaxime sodium in pharmaceutical formulations / Mater. Today: Proc. 2021. Vol. 47. Part 17. P. 6043 – 6049. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.05.004Humeidy I. T. Spectrophotometric determination of cefotaxime sodium in pharmaceutical formulations / Mater. Today: Proc. 2021. Vol. 47. Part 17. P. 6043 – 6049. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.05.004Nayif S., Alhabbo D. Indirect spectrophotometric determination of cefotaxime using N-bromosuccinimide and crystal violet dye / AIP Conf. Proc. 2023. Vol. 2414. N 1. 050043. DOI: 10.1063/5.0118286Nayif S., Alhabbo D. Indirect spectrophotometric determination of cefotaxime using N-bromosuccinimide and crystal violet dye / AIP Conf. Proc. 2023. Vol. 2414. N 1. 050043. DOI: 10.1063/5.0118286Abood N. K. New spectroscopic estimation of cefotaxime in pure and pharmaceutical formulation using environmental-friendly method / J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2021. Vol. 1853. N 1. 012023. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1853/1/012023Abood N. K. New spectroscopic estimation of cefotaxime in pure and pharmaceutical formulation using environmental-friendly method / J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2021. Vol. 1853. N 1. 012023. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1853/1/012023Mahrouse M. A., Elwy H. M., Salem E. M. Simultaneous determination of cefixime and erdosteine in combined dosage form using validated spectrophotometric methods / Spectrochim Acta, Part A. 2020. Vol. 241. 118647. DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118647Mahrouse M. A., Elwy H. M., Salem E. M. Simultaneous determination of cefixime and erdosteine in combined dosage form using validated spectrophotometric methods / Spectrochim Acta, Part A. 2020. Vol. 241. 118647. DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118647Basavaraj H., Mruthyunjayaswamy B. H. M. An experimental design approach for validation and optimisation of spectrophotometric determination of cefixime in pharmaceutical dosage form / Indian J. Pharm. Sci. 2022. Vol. 84. N 1. P. 115 – 120. DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.902Basavaraj H., Mruthyunjayaswamy B. H. M. An experimental design approach for validation and optimisation of spectrophotometric determination of cefixime in pharmaceutical dosage form / Indian J. Pharm. Sci. 2022. Vol. 84. N 1. P. 115 – 120. DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.902Abood N. K., Hassan M. J. M., AL-Da’amy M. A. Determination of cefixime using batch, cloud point extraction and flow injection as new spectrophotometric methods / Al-Mustansiriyah J. Sci. 2019. Vol. 30. N 3. P. 28 – 37. DOI: 10.23851/mjs.v30i3.648Abood N. K., Hassan M. J. M., AL-Da’amy M. A. Determination of cefixime using batch, cloud point extraction and flow injection as new spectrophotometric methods / Al-Mustansiriyah J. Sci. 2019. Vol. 30. N 3. P. 28 – 37. DOI: 10.23851/mjs.v30i3.648Al-Hakkani M. F. HPLC analytical method validation for determination of cefotaxime in the bulk and finished pharmaceutical dosage form / SCE. 2020. Vol. 1. N 1. P. 33 – 42. DOI: 10.37256/sce.112020199.33-42Al-Hakkani M. F. HPLC analytical method validation for determination of cefotaxime in the bulk and finished pharmaceutical dosage form / SCE. 2020. Vol. 1. N 1. P. 33 – 42. DOI: 10.37256/sce.112020199.33-42Anwer E. T., Porwal O., Dudhe R. Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for estimation of cefotaxime sodium in bulk and formulation / Res. J. Pharm. Technol. 2022. Vol. 15. N 7. P. 3114 – 3118. DOI: 10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00521Anwer E. T., Porwal O., Dudhe R. Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for estimation of cefotaxime sodium in bulk and formulation / Res. J. Pharm. Technol. 2022. Vol. 15. N 7. P. 3114 – 3118. DOI: 10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00521Nepal U., Panthi V. K., Chaudhary N. P., Chaudhary S. A Validated RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of cefixime and clavulanic acid powder in pediatric oral suspension / Int. J. Anal. Chem. 2022. Vol. 2022. N 4. P. 1 – 10. DOI: 10.1155/2022/8331762Nepal U., Panthi V. K., Chaudhary N. P., Chaudhary S. A Validated RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of cefixime and clavulanic acid powder in pediatric oral suspension / Int. J. Anal. Chem. 2022. Vol. 2022. N 4. P. 1 – 10. DOI: 10.1155/2022/8331762Reçber T., Özkan E., Nemutlu E., Kir S. Simultaneous determination of cefixime, cefdinir and clavulanic acid by high performance liquid chromatography / Pharm. Chem. J. 2021. Vol. 54. N 11. P. 1186 – 1191. DOI: 10.1007/s11094-021-02341-zReçber T., Özkan E., Nemutlu E., Kir S. Simultaneous determination of cefixime, cefdinir and clavulanic acid by high performance liquid chromatography / Pharm. Chem. J. 2021. Vol. 54. N 11. P. 1186 – 1191. DOI: 10.1007/s11094-021-02341-zBellouard R., Deslandes G., Morival C., et al. Simultaneous determination of eight β-lactam antibiotics in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry / J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2020. Vol. 178. 112904. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112904Bellouard R., Deslandes G., Morival C., et al. Simultaneous determination of eight β-lactam antibiotics in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry / J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2020. Vol. 178. 112904. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112904Magréault S., Leroux S., Touati J., et al. UPLC/MS/MS assay for the simultaneous determination of seven antibiotics in human serum — Application to pediatric studies / J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2019. Vol. 174. P. 256 – 262. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.03.004Magréault S., Leroux S., Touati J., et al. UPLC/MS/MS assay for the simultaneous determination of seven antibiotics in human serum — Application to pediatric studies / J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2019. Vol. 174. P. 256 – 262. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.03.004Zyablov A. N., Shapovalova A. A. Determination of the residual amounts of cefotaxime in liquid media using piezoelectric sensors / Industr. Lab. Mater. Diagn. 2022. Vol. 88. N 2. P. 15 – 20 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.26896/1028-6861-2022-88-2-15-20Zyablov A. N., Shapovalova A. A. Determination of the residual amounts of cefotaxime in liquid media using piezoelectric sensors / Industr. Lab. Mater. Diagn. 2022. Vol. 88. N 2. P. 15 – 20 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.26896/1028-6861-2022-88-2-15-20Shapovalova A. A., Zyablov A. N. Identification of cefazoline and cefatoxime in liquid media using modified piezoelectric sensors / Sorbts. Khromatogr. Prots. 2021. Vol. 21. N 5. P. 755 – 763 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.17308/sorpchrom.2021.21/3782Shapovalova A. A., Zyablov A. N. Identification of cefazoline and cefatoxime in liquid media using modified piezoelectric sensors / Sorbts. Khromatogr. Prots. 2021. Vol. 21. N 5. P. 755 – 763 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.17308/sorpchrom.2021.21/3782Kulapina E. G., Kulapina O. I., Ankina V. D. Screen-printed potentiometric sensors based on carbon materials for determining cefotaxime and cefuroxime / J. Anal. Chem. 2020. Vol. 75. N 2. P. 231 – 237. DOI: 10.1134/S1061934820020100Kulapina E. G., Kulapina O. I., Ankina V. D. Screen-printed potentiometric sensors based on carbon materials for determining cefotaxime and cefuroxime / J. Anal. Chem. 2020. Vol. 75. N 2. P. 231 – 237. DOI: 10.1134/S1061934820020100Kulapina E. G., Tyutlikova M. S., Kulapina O. I., Dubasova A. E. Solid-contact potentiometric sensors for the determination of some cephalosporin antibiotics in pharmaceuticals and oral fluid / J. Anal. Chem. 2019. Vol. 74. N 1. S52 – S58. DOI: 10.1134/S1061934819070128Kulapina E. G., Tyutlikova M. S., Kulapina O. I., Dubasova A. E. Solid-contact potentiometric sensors for the determination of some cephalosporin antibiotics in pharmaceuticals and oral fluid / J. Anal. Chem. 2019. Vol. 74. N 1. S52 – S58. DOI: 10.1134/S1061934819070128Saleh G. A., Badr I. H. A., Nour El-Deen D. A. M., Derayea S. M. Novel potentiometric sensor for the selective determination of cefotaxime sodium and its application to pharmaceutical analysis / IEEE Sensors J. 2020. Vol. 20. N 7. P. 3415 – 3422. DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2019.2960034Saleh G. A., Badr I. H. A., Nour El-Deen D. A. M., Derayea S. M. Novel potentiometric sensor for the selective determination of cefotaxime sodium and its application to pharmaceutical analysis / IEEE Sensors J. 2020. Vol. 20. N 7. P. 3415 – 3422. DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2019.2960034Duan M., He X., Zhang Q., Zheng B. A highly sensitive cefotaxime electrochemical detection technique based on graphene quantum dots / Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2022. Vol. 17. N 7. 220729. DOI: 10.20964/2022.07.06Duan M., He X., Zhang Q., Zheng B. A highly sensitive cefotaxime electrochemical detection technique based on graphene quantum dots / Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2022. Vol. 17. N 7. 220729. DOI: 10.20964/2022.07.06Darabi R., Shabani-Nooshabadi M. Development of an amplified nanostructured electrochemical sensor for the detection of cefixime in pharmaceuticals and biological samples / J. Pharm Biomed Anal. 2022. Vol. 212. 114657. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114657Darabi R., Shabani-Nooshabadi M. Development of an amplified nanostructured electrochemical sensor for the detection of cefixime in pharmaceuticals and biological samples / J. Pharm Biomed Anal. 2022. Vol. 212. 114657. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114657Shawky A. M., El-Tohamy M. F. Highly functionalized modified metal oxides polymeric sensors for potentiometric determination of letrozole in commercial oral tablets and biosamples / Polymers. 2021. Vol. 13. N 9. P. 1384 – 1401. DOI: 10.3390/polym13091384Shawky A. M., El-Tohamy M. F. Highly functionalized modified metal oxides polymeric sensors for potentiometric determination of letrozole in commercial oral tablets and biosamples / Polymers. 2021. Vol. 13. N 9. P. 1384 – 1401. DOI: 10.3390/polym13091384Shabani R., Rizi Z. L., Moosavi R. Selective potentiometric sensor for isoniazid ultra-trace determination based on Fe3O4 nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode (Fe3O4/CPE) / Int. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2018. Vol. 14. N 3. P. 241 – 249.Shabani R., Rizi Z. L., Moosavi R. Selective potentiometric sensor for isoniazid ultra-trace determination based on Fe3O4 nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode (Fe3O4/CPE) / Int. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 2018. Vol. 14. N 3. P. 241 – 249.Ziyatdinova G. K., Zhupanova A. S., Budnikov G. K. Electrochemical sensors for the simultaneous detection of phenolic antioxidants / J. Anal. Chem. 2022. Vol. 77. N 2. P. 155 – 172. DOI: 10.1134/S1061934822020125Ziyatdinova G. K., Zhupanova A. S., Budnikov G. K. Electrochemical sensors for the simultaneous detection of phenolic antioxidants / J. Anal. Chem. 2022. Vol. 77. N 2. P. 155 – 172. DOI: 10.1134/S1061934822020125Ziyatdinova G. K., Zakharova S. P., Ziganshina E. R., Budnikov G. K. Voltammetric determination of flavonoids in medical plant materials using electrodes modified by cerium dioxide nanoparticles and surfactants / J. Anal. Chem. 2019. Vol. 74. N 8. P. 816 – 824. DOI: 10.1134/S106193481908015XZiyatdinova G. K., Zakharova S. P., Ziganshina E. R., Budnikov G. K. Voltammetric determination of flavonoids in medical plant materials using electrodes modified by cerium dioxide nanoparticles and surfactants / J. Anal. Chem. 2019. Vol. 74. N 8. P. 816 – 824. DOI: 10.1134/S106193481908015XUnal D. N., Yıldırım S., Kurbanoglu S., Uslu B. Current trends and roles of surfactants for chromatographic and electrochemical sensing / TrAC. 2021. Vol. 144. 116418. DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116418Unal D. N., Yıldırım S., Kurbanoglu S., Uslu B. Current trends and roles of surfactants for chromatographic and electrochemical sensing / TrAC. 2021. Vol. 144. 116418. DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116418Gowda J. I., Hanabaratti R., Tuwar S. MWCNT modified glassy carbon electrode in presence of cationic surfactant for the electro-analysis of paclitaxel / Results Chem. 2021. Vol. 3. N 4. 100243. DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100243Gowda J. I., Hanabaratti R., Tuwar S. MWCNT modified glassy carbon electrode in presence of cationic surfactant for the electro-analysis of paclitaxel / Results Chem. 2021. Vol. 3. N 4. 100243. DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100243Tigari G., Manjunatha J. G. A surfactant enhanced novel pencil graphite and carbon nanotube composite paste material as an effective electrochemical sensor for determination of riboflavin / J. Sci: Adv. Mater. Dev. 2020. Vol. 5. N 1. P. 56 – 64. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2019.11.001Tigari G., Manjunatha J. G. A surfactant enhanced novel pencil graphite and carbon nanotube composite paste material as an effective electrochemical sensor for determination of riboflavin / J. Sci: Adv. Mater. Dev. 2020. Vol. 5. N 1. P. 56 – 64. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2019.11.001Uppachai P., Srijaranai S., Poosittisak S., et al. Supramolecular electrochemical sensor for dopamine detection based on self-assembled mixed surfactants on gold nanoparticles deposited graphene oxide / Molecules. 2020. Vol. 25. N 11. 2528. DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112528Uppachai P., Srijaranai S., Poosittisak S., et al. Supramolecular electrochemical sensor for dopamine detection based on self-assembled mixed surfactants on gold nanoparticles deposited graphene oxide / Molecules. 2020. Vol. 25. N 11. 2528. DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112528Hareesha N., Manjunatha J. G. Surfactant and polymer layered carbon composite electrochemical sensor for the analysis of estriol with ciprofloxacin / Mater. Res. Innovations. 2020. Vol. 24. N 6. P. 349 – 362. DOI: 10.1080/14328917.2019.1684657Hareesha N., Manjunatha J. G. Surfactant and polymer layered carbon composite electrochemical sensor for the analysis of estriol with ciprofloxacin / Mater. Res. Innovations. 2020. Vol. 24. N 6. P. 349 – 362. DOI: 10.1080/14328917.2019.1684657Manjunatha J. G. A surfactant enhanced graphene paste electrode as an effective electrochemical sensor for the sensitive and simultaneous determination of catechol and resorcinol / Chem. Data Coll. 2020. Vol. 25. 100331. DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2019.100331Manjunatha J. G. A surfactant enhanced graphene paste electrode as an effective electrochemical sensor for the sensitive and simultaneous determination of catechol and resorcinol / Chem. Data Coll. 2020. Vol. 25. 100331. DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2019.100331Patil V. B., Malode S., Suresh M., et al. Graphene sheet-based electrochemical sensor with cationic surfactant for sensitive detection of atorvastatin / Sensors International. 2022. Vol. 3. N 11. 100198. DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2022.100198Patil V. B., Malode S., Suresh M., et al. Graphene sheet-based electrochemical sensor with cationic surfactant for sensitive detection of atorvastatin / Sensors International. 2022. Vol. 3. N 11. 100198. DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2022.100198Congur G., Dudu Gül Ü. Phenol monitoring in water samples using an inexpensive electrochemical sensor based on pencil electrodes modified with DTAB surfactant / J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2021. Vol. 9. N 3. 105804. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105804Congur G., Dudu Gül Ü. Phenol monitoring in water samples using an inexpensive electrochemical sensor based on pencil electrodes modified with DTAB surfactant / J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2021. Vol. 9. N 3. 105804. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105804Patil V. B. Ilager D. Tuwar S., et al. Nanostructured ZnO-based electrochemical sensor with anionic surfactant for the electroanalysis of trimethoprim / Bioengineering. 2022. Vol. 9. N 10. 521. DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100521Patil V. B. Ilager D. Tuwar S., et al. Nanostructured ZnO-based electrochemical sensor with anionic surfactant for the electroanalysis of trimethoprim / Bioengineering. 2022. Vol. 9. N 10. 521. DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100521Veseli A., Mullallari F., Balidemaj F., et al. Electrochemical determination of erythromycin in drinking water resources by surface modified screen-printed carbon electrodes / Microchem. J. 2019. Vol. 148. P. 412 – 418. DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.04.086Veseli A., Mullallari F., Balidemaj F., et al. Electrochemical determination of erythromycin in drinking water resources by surface modified screen-printed carbon electrodes / Microchem. J. 2019. Vol. 148. P. 412 – 418. DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.04.086Prinith N. S., Manjunatha J. G. Surfactant modified electrochemical sensor for determination of anthrone — a cyclic voltammetry / Mater. Sci. Technol. 2019. Vol 2. N 3. P. 408 – 416. DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2019.05.004Prinith N. S., Manjunatha J. G. Surfactant modified electrochemical sensor for determination of anthrone — a cyclic voltammetry / Mater. Sci. Technol. 2019. Vol 2. N 3. P. 408 – 416. DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2019.05.004Ziyatdinova G., Ziganshina E., Budnikov H. Electrooxidation of morin on glassy carbon electrode modified by carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes and surfactants / Electrochim. Acta. 2014. Vol. 145. P. 209 – 216. DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.08.062Ziyatdinova G., Ziganshina E., Budnikov H. Electrooxidation of morin on glassy carbon electrode modified by carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes and surfactants / Electrochim. Acta. 2014. Vol. 145. P. 209 – 216. DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.08.062Ali T. A., Abd-Elaal A. A., Mohamed G. G. Screen-printed ion selective electrodes based on self-assembled thiol surfactant-gold-nanoparticles for determination of Cu (II) in different water samples / Microchem. J. 2021. Vol. 160. 105693. DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105693Ali T. A., Abd-Elaal A. A., Mohamed G. G. Screen-printed ion selective electrodes based on self-assembled thiol surfactant-gold-nanoparticles for determination of Cu (II) in different water samples / Microchem. J. 2021. Vol. 160. 105693. DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105693Tigari G., Manjunatha J. G., Raril C., Hareesha N. Determination of riboflavin at carbon nanotube paste electrodes modified with an anionic surfactant / ChemistrySelect. 2019. Vol. 4. N 7. P. 2168 – 2173. DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803191Tigari G., Manjunatha J. G., Raril C., Hareesha N. Determination of riboflavin at carbon nanotube paste electrodes modified with an anionic surfactant / ChemistrySelect. 2019. Vol. 4. N 7. P. 2168 – 2173. DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803191Raril C., Manjunatha J. G. A simple approach for the electrochemical determination of vanillin at ionic surfactant modified graphene paste electrode / Microchem. J. 2020. Vol. 154. 104575. DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104575Raril C., Manjunatha J. G. A simple approach for the electrochemical determination of vanillin at ionic surfactant modified graphene paste electrode / Microchem. J. 2020. Vol. 154. 104575. DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104575Pushpanjali P. A., Manjunatha J. G., Shreenivas M. T. The electrochemical resolution of ciprofloxacin, riboflavin and estriol using anionic surfactant and polymer-modified carbon paste electrode / ChemistrySelect. 2019. Vol. 4. P. 13427 – 13433. DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903897Pushpanjali P. A., Manjunatha J. G., Shreenivas M. T. The electrochemical resolution of ciprofloxacin, riboflavin and estriol using anionic surfactant and polymer-modified carbon paste electrode / ChemistrySelect. 2019. Vol. 4. P. 13427 – 13433. DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903897Kulapina E. G., Mursalov R. K., Kulapina O. I., et al. Modified planar sensors for cefepime determination / Industr. Mater. Diagn. 2023. Vol. 89. N 3. P. 5 – 13 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.26896/1028-6861-2023-89-3-5-13Kulapina E. G., Mursalov R. K., Kulapina O. I., et al. Modified planar sensors for cefepime determination / Industr. Mater. Diagn. 2023. Vol. 89. N 3. P. 5 – 13 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.26896/1028-6861-2023-89-3-5-13Alekseev V. G. Bioinorganic chemistry of penicillins and cephalosporins. — Tver’: Izd. TGU, 2009. — 104 p. [in Russian].Alekseev V. G. Bioinorganic chemistry of penicillins and cephalosporins. — Tver’: Izd. TGU, 2009. — 104 p. [in Russian].Budnikov G. K., Yevtyugin G. A., Maistrenko V. N. Modified electrodes in chemistry, biology, medicine. — Moscow: Binom, 2009. — 331 p. [in Russian].Budnikov G. K., Yevtyugin G. A., Maistrenko V. N. Modified electrodes in chemistry, biology, medicine. — Moscow: Binom, 2009. — 331 p. [in Russian].

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.