<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2024-90-7-17-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-2245</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИЗ ВЕЩЕСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SUBSTANCES ANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Валидация методики определения приоритетных фталатов методом газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии на следовом уровне концентраций в поверхностных водах с фоновым уровнем загрязнения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Validation of the method for determining priority phthalates by GC-MS at trace concentrations in surface water with a background pollution level</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>Т А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryeva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Аркадьевна Григорьева</p><p>664033, г. Иркутск, ул. Улан-Баторская, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Grigoryeva</p><p>3, Ulan-Batorskaya ul., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krom_07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горшков</surname><given-names>А. Г</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorshkov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Георгиевич Горшков </p><p>664033, г. Иркутск, ул. Улан-Баторская, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander G. Gorshkov</p><p>3, Ulan-Batorskaya ul., Irkutsk, 664033, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Лимнологический институт СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Limnological Institute, SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>90</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорьева Т.А., Горшков А.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорьева Т.А., Горшков А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigoryeva T.A., Gorshkov A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2245">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2245</self-uri><abstract><p>Валидирована методика определения следовых содержаний приоритетных фталатов в поверхностных водах с фоновым уровнем загрязнения. В качестве природной модели для исследования выбрано озеро Байкал, которое отличается минимальным содержанием взвешенного органического вещества, низкой степенью минерализации и фоновым уровнем концентраций органических поллютантов. В водах Байкала обнаружены четыре приоритетных фталата — диметилфталат, диэтилфталат ди-н-бутилфталат и ди-(2-этилгексил)фталат в диапазоне концентраций от 0,01 до 0,66 мкг/л. Методика определения фталатов включает однократную жидкость-жидкостную экстракцию аналитов (Vпробы = 1 л) и прямой анализ экстрактов методом газовой хроматографии с масс-спектрометрическим детектированием (ГХ-МС). Учитывая минимальное содержание взвешенных частиц в воде и высокую чувствительность метода масс-спектрометрии, стадии фильтрования проб и концентрирования экстрактов из методики исключены. В качестве суррогатных внутренних стандартов использовали дейтерированные фталаты. Лабораторный фон фталатов оценивали проведением контрольного опыта и многократной экстракцией. Оценены пределы определения фталатов (0,01 – 0,17 мкг/л), погрешность определения составила от 12 до 38 %. Методика валидирована в ходе мониторинга стойких органических веществ в водах Байкала в течение 2015 – 2023 гг.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A methodology for determining priority phthalates (PP) at trace concentrations in surface waters with a background pollution level has been validated. Lake Baikal, the largest natural reservoir that retains up to 20% of the world’s fresh surface waters, was chosen as a natural model for the study. Baikal is characterized by a minimal content of suspended organic matter, a low degree of mineralization and a background level of organic pollutants. Four priority phthalates were found in Baikal water: dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate di-n-butyl phthalate and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate present in the concentration range from 0.01 to 0.66 μg/liter. The method for phthalate determination includes a single liquid-liquid extraction of phthalates (Vsample = 1 liter) and direct analysis of the extracts by GC-MS. Considering the minimum content of suspended particles in water and the use of high sensitivity of the mass spectrometry, the stages of sample filtration and concentration of extracts are excluded from the procedure. Deuterated phthalates are used as surrogate internal standards for the quantitative determination of priority phthalates. The laboratory background of phthalates was assessed using reagent-blank methods, exhaustive multiple extraction and subsequent exclusion of the resulting value from the determination result as a systematic error. The limits of phthalate determination (0.01 – 0.17 μg/liter) and the error of determination (±δ from 12 to 38%) were assessed in the concentration range from 0.01 to 0.66 μg/liter. The method was validated during monitoring of persistent organic pollutants in water of Lake Baikal for the period 2015 – 2023.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>приоритетные фталаты</kwd><kwd>поверхностные воды</kwd><kwd>следовой уровень концентраций</kwd><kwd>хромато-масс-спектрометрия</kwd><kwd>точность определения</kwd><kwd>озеро Байкал</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>priority phthalates</kwd><kwd>surface water</kwd><kwd>trace concentration</kwd><kwd>gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)</kwd><kwd>determination accuracy</kwd><kwd>Lake Baikal</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ, проект № 0279-2021-0005 (№ гос. регистрации 121032300224-8) с использованием оборудования приборного центра коллективного пользования физико-химического ультрамикроанализа ЛИН СО РАН (ЦКП «Ультрамикроанализ»).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Annual production of plastics worldwide. https://www.statista. com/statistics/282732/global-production-of-plastics-since-1950 (дата обращения 21 октября 2023).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Annual production of plastics worldwide. https://www.statista. com/ statistics/282732/ global-production-of-plastics-since-1950 (accessed October 21, 2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karim A. V., Krishnan S., Sethulekshmi S., Shriwastav A. Phthalate Esters in the Environment: An Overview on the Occurrence, Toxicity, Detection, and Treatment Options / S. P. Singh, A. K. Agarwal, T. Gupta, S. M. Maliyekkal (eds.). New Trends in Emerging Environmental Contaminants. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. — Singapore: Springer, 2022. P. 131 – 160. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8367-1_7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karim A. V., Krishnan S., Sethulekshmi S., Shriwastav A. Phthalate Esters in the Environment: An Overview on the Occurrence, Toxicity, Detection, and Treatment Options / S. P. Singh, A. K. Agarwal, T. Gupta, S. M. Maliyekkal (eds.). New Trends in Emerging Environmental Contaminants. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. — Singapore: Springer, 2022. P. 131 – 160. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8367-1_7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benjamin S., Pradeep S., Josh M. S., Kumar S. A monograph on the remediation of hazardous phthalates / J. Hazard. Mater. 2015. Vol. 298. P. 58 – 72. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.05.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benjamin S., Pradeep S., Josh M. S., Kumar S. A monograph on the remediation of hazardous phthalates / J. Hazard. Mater. 2015. Vol. 298. P. 58 – 72. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.05.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Net S., Sempéré R., Delmont A., et al. Occurrence, fate, behavior and ecotoxicological state of phthalates in different environmental matrices / Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015. Vol. 49. N 7. P. 4019 – 4035. DOI: 10.1021/es505233b</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Net S., Sempéré R., Delmont A., et al. Occurrence, fate, behavior and ecotoxicological state of phthalates in different environmental matrices / Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015. Vol. 49. N 7. P. 4019 – 4035. DOI: 10.1021/es505233b</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li P.-H., Jia H.-Y., Wang Y., et al. Characterization of PM 2.5-bound phthalic acid esters (PAEs) at regional background site in northern China: Long-range transport and risk assessment / Sci. Total Environ. 2019. Vol. 659. P. 140 – 149. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.246</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li P.-H., Jia H.-Y., Wang Y., et al. Characterization of PM 2.5-bound phthalic acid esters (PAEs) at regional background site in northern China: Long-range transport and risk assessment / Sci. Total Environ. 2019. Vol. 659. P. 140 – 149. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.246</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xie Z., Ebinghaus R., Temme C., et al. Occurrence and Air-Sea Exchange of Phthalates in the Arctic Environ / Sci. Technol. 2007. Vol. 41. P. 4555 – 4560. DOI: 10.1021/es0630240</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xie Z., Ebinghaus R., Temme C., et al. Occurrence and Air-Sea Exchange of Phthalates in the Arctic Environ / Sci. Technol. 2007. Vol. 41. P. 4555 – 4560. DOI: 10.1021/es0630240</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gao D.-W., Wen Z.-D. Phthalate esters in the environment: A critical review of their occurrence, biodegradation, and removal during wastewater treatment processes / Sci. Total Environ. 2016. Vol. 541. P. 986 – 1001. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.148</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao D.-W., Wen Z.-D. Phthalate esters in the environment: A critical review of their occurrence, biodegradation, and removal during wastewater treatment processes / Sci. Total Environ. 2016. Vol. 541. P. 986 – 1001. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.148</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng X., Zhang B.-T., Teng Y. Distribution of phthalate acid esters in lakes of Beijing and its relationship with anthropogenic activities / Sci. Total Environ. 2014. Vol. 476. P. 107 – 113. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.111</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng X., Zhang B.-T., Teng Y. Distribution of phthalate acid esters in lakes of Beijing and its relationship with anthropogenic activities / Sci. Total Environ. 2014. Vol. 476. P. 107 – 113. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.111</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen C.-F., Chen C.-W., Ju Y.-R., Dong C.-D. Determination and assessment of phthalate esters content in sediments from Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan / Marine Pollut. Bull. 2017. Vol. 124. P. 767 – 774. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.11.064</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen C.-F., Chen C.-W., Ju Y.-R., Dong C.-D. Determination and assessment of phthalate esters content in sediments from Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan / Marine Pollut. Bull. 2017. Vol. 124. P. 767 – 774. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.11.064</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Z.-M., Zhang H.-H., Zou Y.-W., Yang G.-P. Distribution and ecotoxicological state of phthalate esters in the sea-surface microlayer, seawater, and sediment of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea / Environ. Pollut. 2018. Vol. 240. P. 235 – 247. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.056</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Z.-M., Zhang H.-H., Zou Y.-W., Yang G.-P. Distribution and ecotoxicological state of phthalate esters in the sea-surface microlayer, seawater, and sediment of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea / Environ. Pollut. 2018. Vol. 240. P. 235 – 247. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.056</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee Y.-M., Lee J.-E., Choe W., et al. Distribution of phthalate esters in air, water, sediments, and fish in the Asan Lake of Korea / Environ. Intern. 2019. Vol. 126. P. 635 – 643. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.059</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee Y.-M., Lee J.-E., Choe W., et al. Distribution of phthalate esters in air, water, sediments, and fish in the Asan Lake of Korea / Environ. Intern. 2019. Vol. 126. P. 635 – 643. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.059</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mondal T., Mondal S., Ghosh S.-K., et al. Phthalates — A family of plasticizers, their health risks, phytotoxic effects, and microbial bioaugmentation approaches / Environ. Res. 2022. Vol. 214. 114059. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114059</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mondal T., Mondal S., Ghosh S.-K., et al. Phthalates — A family of plasticizers, their health risks, phytotoxic effects, and microbial bioaugmentation approaches / Environ. Res. 2022. Vol. 214. 114059. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114059</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang L., Zhu X., Zhou S., et al. Phthalic Acid Esters: Natural Sources and Biological Activities / Toxins. 2021. Vol. 13. 495. DOI: 10.3390/toxins13070495</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang L., Zhu X., Zhou S., et al. Phthalic Acid Esters: Natural Sources and Biological Activities / Toxins. 2021. Vol. 13. 495. DOI: 10.3390/toxins13070495</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">IARC. Agents Classified by the IARC Monographs. — Geneva, Switzerland: IARC Monographs, 2011. Vol. 1 – 102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">IARC. Agents Classified by the IARC Monographs. — Geneva, Switzerland: IARC Monographs, 2011. Vol. 1 – 102.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Net S., Delmont A., Sempere R., et al. Reliable quantification of phthalates in environmental matrices (air, water, sludge, sediment, and soil): A review / Sci. Total Environ. 2015. Vol. 515. P. 162 – 180. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Net S., Delmont A., Sempere R., et al. Reliable quantification of phthalates in environmental matrices (air, water, sludge, sediment, and soil): A review / Sci. Total Environ. 2015. Vol. 515. P. 162 – 180. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барам Г. И., Азарова И. Н., Горшков А. Г. и др. Определение бис-(2-этилгексил)фталата в воде методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии с прямым концентрированием на хроматографической колонке / Журн. аналит. химии. 2000. Т. 55. № 8. С. 834 – 839.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baram G. I., Azarova I. N., Gorshkov A. G., et al. Determination of Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate in Water by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Direct On-Column Preconcentration / J. Anal. Chem. 2000. Vol. 55. N 8. P. 750 – 754. DOI: 10.1007/BF02757910</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильева И. А., Михеева А. Ю. Определение фталатов в водных образцах методом газовой хроматографии/масс-спектрометрии / Масс-спектрометрия. 2008. Т. 5. № 2. С. 133 – 138.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasilyeva I. A., Mikheeva A. Yu. Determination of phthalates in aqueous samples by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry / Mass-Spektrometriya. 2008. Vol. 5. N 2. P. 133 – 138 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Холова Ф. Р., Вождаева М. Ю., Кантор Л. И. и др. Определение эфиров фталевой кислоты в питьевой и природной воде методом газовой хроматографии с масс-селективным детектированием / Вода: химия и экология. 2012. № 5. С. 85 – 91.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kholova A. R., Vozhdaeva M. Y., Kantor L. I., et al. Gas chromatography with mass selective detection for of phthalic acid esters determination in drinking and natural water / Voda: Khim. Ékol. 2012. N 5. P. 85 – 91 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдеева Н. М., Амелин В. Г. Определение фталатов в молоке, молочных продуктах, воде, соках и напитках методом ультравысокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии/квадруполь-времяпролетной масс-спектрометрии высокого разрешения / Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов. 2018. Т. 84. № 9. С. 21 – 27. DOI: 10.26896/1028-6861-2018-84-9-21-27</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avdeeva N. M., Amelin V. G. Determination of phthalates in milk, dairy products, water, juices and beverages using ultrahigh liquid performance chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry of high resolution / Industr. Lab. Mater. Diagn. 2018. Vol. 84. N 9. P. 21 – 27 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.26896/1028-6861-2018-84-9-21-27</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крылов В. А., Волкова В. В. Источники систематических погрешностей при газохроматографическом определении диалкил-о-фталатов в воде / Журн. аналит. химии. 2015. Т. 70. № 5. С. 510 – 516. DOI: 10.7868/S0044450215050084</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krylov V. A., Volkova V. V. Sources of systematic errors in the gas-chromatographic determination of dialkyl-o-phthalates in water / J. Anal. Chem. 2015. Vol. 70. N 5. P. 586 – 592. DOI: 10.1134/S106193481505007X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зенкевич И. Г., Ротару К. И., Селиванов С. И., Костиков Р. Р. Дискуссионные моменты определения диалкилфталатов в различных объектах / Вестн. СПбГУ. Сер. 4. 2015. Т. 2(60). № 4. С. 386 – 394.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zenkevich I. G., Rotary K. I., Selivanov S. I., et al. Determination of dialkyl phthalates in different objects (Problems for discussion) / Vestn. SPbGU. Ser. 4. 2015. Vol. 2(60). N 4. P. 386 – 394 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prokupkova G., Holadova K., Poustka J., Hajšlova J. Development of a solid-phase microextraction method for the determination of phthalic acid esters in water / Anal. Chim. Acta. 2002. Vol. 457. N 2. P. 211 – 223. DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(02)00020-X</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prokupkova G., Holadova K., Poustka J., Hajšlova J. Development of a solid-phase microextraction method for the determination of phthalic acid esters in water / Anal. Chim. Acta. 2002. Vol. 457. N 2. P. 211 – 223. DOI: 10.1016/S0003-2670(02)00020-X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Penalver A., Pocurull E., Borrull F., Marce R. M. Determination of phthalate esters in water samples by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection / J. Chromatogr. A. 2000. Vol. 872. P. 191 – 201. DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)01284-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Penalver A., Pocurull E., Borrull F., Marce R. M. Determination of phthalate esters in water samples by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection / J. Chromatogr. A. 2000. Vol. 872. P. 191 – 201. DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)01284-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee M.-R., Lai F.-Y., Dou Ji., et al. Determination of Trace Leaching Phthalate Esters in Water and Urine from Plastic Containers by Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Anal. Lett. 2011. Vol. 44. N 4. P. 676 – 686. DOI: 10.1080/00032711003783077</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee M.-R., Lai F.-Y., Dou Ji., et al. Determination of Trace Leaching Phthalate Esters in Water and Urine from Plastic Containers by Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Anal. Lett. 2011. Vol. 44. N 4. P. 676 – 686. DOI: 10.1080/00032711003783077</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крылов В. А., Волкова В. В. Определение о-фталатов в воде с хромато-масс-спектрометрическим детектированием и концентрированием с ультразвуковым диспергированием экстрагента / Вестн. Нижегородского ун-та им. Н. И. Лобачевского. 2014. № 1(1). С. 119 – 125.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krylov V. A., Volkova V. V. Determination of o-phthalates in water with chromatography-mass spectrometric detection and concentration with ultrasonic dispersion of the extractant / Vestn. Nizhegorodskogo Univ. im. N. I. Lobachevskogo. 2014. N 1(1). P. 119 – 125 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang Q., Huang X., Wen Z., et al. Evaluating the spatial distribution and source of phthalate esters in the surface water of Xingkai Lake, China during summer / J. Great Lakes Res. 2021. Vol. 47. P. 437 – 446. DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2021.01.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang Q., Huang X., Wen Z., et al. Evaluating the spatial distribution and source of phthalate esters in the surface water of Xingkai Lake, China during summer / J. Great Lakes Res. 2021. Vol. 47. P. 437 – 446. DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2021.01.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Luo X., Shu S., Feng H., et al. Seasonal distribution and ecological risks of phthalic acid esters in surface water of Taihu Lake, China / Sci. Total Environ. 2021. Vol. 768. N 10. 144517. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144517</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Luo X., Shu S., Feng H., et al. Seasonal distribution and ecological risks of phthalic acid esters in surface water of Taihu Lake, China / Sci. Total Environ. 2021. Vol. 768. N 10. 144517. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144517</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Le T. M., Nguyena H. M. N., Nguyen Vy. K., et al. Profiles of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in bottled water, tap water, lake water, and wastewater samples collected from Hanoi, Vietnam / Sci. Total Environ. 2021. Vol. 788. N 20. 147831. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147831</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Le T. M., Nguyena H. M. N., Nguyen Vy. K., et al. Profiles of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in bottled water, tap water, lake water, and wastewater samples collected from Hanoi, Vietnam / Sci. Total Environ. 2021. Vol. 788. N 20. 147831. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147831</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yoshioka T., Ueda S., Khodzher T., et al. Distribution of dissolved organic carbon in Lake Baikal and its watershed / Limnology. 2002. N 3. P. 159 – 168. DOI: 10.1007/s102010200019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yoshioka T., Ueda S., Khodzher T., et al. Distribution of dissolved organic carbon in Lake Baikal and its watershed / Limnology. 2002. N 3. P. 159 – 168. DOI: 10.1007/s102010200019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Домышева В. М., Сороковикова Л. М., Синюкович В. Н. и др. Ионный состав воды озера Байкал, его притоков и истока реки Ангара в современный период / Метеорология и гидрология. 2019. № 10. С. 77 – 86.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Domysheva V. M., Sorokovikova L. M., Sinyukovich V. N., et al. Ionic Composition of Water in Lake Baikal, Its Tributaries, and the Angara River Source during the Modern Period / Russ. Meteorol. Hydrol. 2019. N 10. P. 77 – 86 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gorshkov A. G., Kustova O. V., Izosimova O. N., Babenko T. A. POPs Monitoring System in Lake Baikal — Impact of Time or the First Need? / Limnol. Freshwater Biol. 2018. N 1. P. 43 – 49. DOI: 10.31951/2658-3518-2018-A-1-43</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorshkov A. G., Kustova O. V., Izosimova O. N., Babenko T. A. POPs Monitoring System in Lake Baikal — Impact of Time or the First Need? / Limnol. Freshwater Biol. 2018. N 1. P. 43 – 49. DOI: 10.31951/2658-3518-2018-A-1-43</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кадис Р. Л. Метрологический и статистический смысл понятия «точность» в химическом анализе. ИСО 5725, показатели точности и неопределенность измерений / Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов. 2006. Т. 72. № 2. С. 53 – 60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kadis R. L. Metrological and statistical meaning of the concept «accuracy» in chemical analysis. ISO 5725, indexes of accuracy and measurement uncertainty / Industr. Lab. Mater. Diagn. 2006. Vol. 72. N 2. P. 53 – 60 [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горшков А. Г., Изосимова О. Н., Кустова О. В. Определение приоритетных полициклических ароматических углеводородов в воде на следовом уровне концентраций / Журн. аналит. химии. 2019. Т. 74. № 8. С. 580 – 587. DOI: 10.1134/S0044450219080085</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorshkov A. G., Izosimova O. N., Kustova O. V. Determination of Priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water at The Trace Level / J. Anal. Chem. 2019. Vol. 74. N 8. P. 771 – 777. DOI: 10.1134/S1061934819080082</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кустова О. В., Степанов А. С., Горшков А. Г. Определение индикаторных конгенеров полихлорированных бифенилов в воде на ультраследовом уровне концентраций методом газовой хроматографии — тандемной масс-спектрометрии / Журн. аналит химии. 2021. Т. 76. № 11. С. 1028 – 1037. DOI: 10.31857/S0044450221110074</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kustova O. V., Stepanov A. S., Gorshkov A. G. Determination of Indicator Congeners of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Water at Ultratrace Levels by Gas Chromatography — Tandem Mass Spectrometry / J. Anal. Chem. 2021. Vol. 76. N 11. P. 1336 – 1344. DOI: 10.1134/S106193482111006X</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gorshkov A., Grigoryeva T., Bukin Y., Kuzmin A. Case study of Diesters of o-Phthalic Acids in Surface Waters with Background Level of Pollution / Toxics. 2023. Vol. 11. 869. DOI: 10/3390/toxics11100869</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorshkov A., Grigoryeva T., Bukin Y., Kuzmin A. Case study of Diesters of o-Phthalic Acids in Surface Waters with Background Level of Pollution / Toxics. 2023. Vol. 11. 869. DOI: 10/3390/toxics11100869</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
