zldmЗаводская лаборатория. Диагностика материаловIndustrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials1028-68612588-0187ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»10.26896/1028-6861-2024-90-9-63-74zldm-2291Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. МЕХАНИКА МАТЕРИАЛОВ: ПРОЧНОСТЬ, РЕСУРС, БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬTESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. MECHANICAL TESTING METHODSМетод оценки долговечности конструкций при стационарном и нестационарном случайных нагружениях с применением вариационной модовой декомпозицииMethod for assessing the durability of structures under stationary and non-stationary random loading using variational mode decomposition (VMD)ЕрпаловА. В.ErpalovA. V.

Алексей Викторович Ерпалов

454080, Челябинск, просп. Ленина, д. 76

Aleksey V. Erpalov

76, prosp. Lenina, Chelyabinsk, 454080

erpalovav@susu.ruХорошевскийК. А.KhoroshevskiiK. A.

Кирилл Антонович Хорошевский

454080, Челябинск, просп. Ленина, д. 76

Kirill A. Khoroshevskii

76, prosp. Lenina, Chelyabinsk, 454080

РумянцеваЕ. А.RumyancevaE. A.

Елена Александровна Румянцева

454080, Челябинск, просп. Ленина, д. 76

Elena A. Rumyanceva

76, prosp. Lenina, Chelyabinsk, 454080

ГадолинаИ. В.GadolinaI. V.

Ирина Викторовна Гадолина

101000, Москва, Малый Харитоньевский переулок, д. 4

Irina V. Gadolina

4, Maly Kharitonyevsky per., Moscow, 101990

Южно-Уральский государственный университет (национальный исследовательский университет)РоссияSouth Ural State University (national research university)Russian FederationИнститут машиноведения им. А. А. Благонравова Российской академии наукРоссияBlagonravov Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2024230920249096374Copyright © Ерпалов А.В., Хорошевский К.А., Румянцева Е.А., Гадолина И.В., 20242024Ерпалов А.В., Хорошевский К.А., Румянцева Е.А., Гадолина И.В.Erpalov A.V., Khoroshevskii K.A., Rumyanceva E.A., Gadolina I.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2291

В эпоху цифровой трансформации большинство агрегатов оснащается разнообразными датчиками, которые дают информацию, позволяющую разрабатывать интеллектуальные модели прогноза долговечности. При разработке цифровых моделей натурных объектов для оценки остаточного ресурса все чаще возникают проблемы алгоритмического обеспечения. Проблемы появляются в адаптивном и автоматическом анализе сигналов с реальных датчиков, установленных на объекте, и последующей их обработкой для оценки долговечности объекта. В работе предложен новый метод оценки долговечности конструкций, который основан на применении адаптивного метода вариационной модовой декомпозиции к сигналам с датчиков, в том числе нестационарным. Вариационная модовая декомпозиция предполагает разложение исходного сложного случайного процесса на более простые случайные процессы (моды), являющиеся стационарными и узкополосными. Использован оригинальный способ суммирования повреждений от действия полученных в результате декомпозиции мод. Разработанный метод может быть применен в качестве алгоритмического обеспечения при создании цифровых двойников остаточного ресурса натурных изделий. Проведено сравнение предложенного метода с методом «падающего дождя» во временной области. Для этого сгенерированы разные варианты реализаций случайных процессов, в том числе стационарные и нестационарные с разной широкополосностью. Сравнение выполнено расчетным путем для синтезированных случайных процессов. Помимо этого, с методом «падающего дождя» сравнивали традиционные частотные методы Дирлика и Бенашуэтти. Предложенный метод показал хорошие результаты — ошибка оказалась меньше, чем при использовании традиционных частотных методов, особенно для нестационарных процессов.

In the era of digital transformation, most devices are equipped with a variety of sensors, which provide information to be used in developing intelligent models for predicting the fatigue life. The development of digital models of real objects for fatigue life estimation faces the lack of algorithms for performing such an estimation. The problem arises in the adaptive and automatic analysis of signals from real sensors installed on the object and their subsequent processing to estimate the fatigue life of the object. We propose a new method for assessing the fatigue life of structures based on application of the adaptive method of variational mode decomposition to signals gained from sensors, including non-stationary ones. Variational mode decomposition involves decomposition of an initial complex random process into simpler random processes (modes) that are stationary and narrowband. An original method of summarizing damage resulted from the action of the modes obtained as a result of the decomposition is used. The developed method can be used as an algorithmic support for the generation of digital doubles of the residual lifetimes of natural products. The proposed method is compared with the «rainflow» method in the time domain. Different realizations of random stationary and non-stationary signals with different bandwidths are compared numerically. In addition, the traditional frequency methods of Dirlik and Benasciutti have been compared with the «rainflow» method. The analysis showed good results for the proposed method, i.e., the error was smaller compared to traditional frequency methods, especially for non-stationary processes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.