zldmЗаводская лаборатория. Диагностика материаловIndustrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials1028-68612588-0187ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»10.26896/1028-6861-2024-90-12-35-44zldm-2361Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯTESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROLДиагностика свойств экспериментального алюмоматричного литого композиционного материалаDiagnostics of the properties of an experimental aluminum matrix cast composite materialПронинА. И.ProninA. I.

Александр Иннокентьевич Пронин,

681013, г. Комсомольск-на-Амуре, просп. Ленина, д. 27.

Alexander I. Pronin,

27, prosp. Lenina, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, 681013.

МыльниковВ. В.MylnikovV. V.

Владимир Викторович Мыльников,

603950, г. Нижний Новгород, Ильинская ул., д. 65.

Vladimir V. Mylnikov,

65, Ilinskaya ul., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950.

mrmylnikov@mail.ruМарьинС. Б.MarinS. B.

Сергей Борисович Марьин,

681013, г. Комсомольск-на-Амуре, просп. Ленина, д. 27.

Sergey B. Marin,

27, prosp. Lenina, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, 681013.

СеменовС. О.SemyonovS. O.

Семен Олегович Семенов,

681013, г. Комсомольск-на-Амуре, просп. Ленина, д. 27.

Semyon O. Semyonov,

27, prosp. Lenina, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, 681013.

ШетуловД. И.ShetulovD. I.

Дмитрий Иванович Шетулов,

603950, г. Нижний Новгород, Ильинская ул., д. 65.

Dmitry I. Shetulov,

65, Ilinskaya ul., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950.

Комсомольский-на-Амуре государственный университетРоссияKomsomolsk-on-Amur State UniversityRussian FederationНижегородский государственный архитектурно-строительный университетРоссияNizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil EngineeringRussian Federation20242312202490123544Copyright © Пронин А.И., Мыльников В.В., Марьин С.Б., Семенов С.О., Шетулов Д.И., 20242024Пронин А.И., Мыльников В.В., Марьин С.Б., Семенов С.О., Шетулов Д.И.Pronin A.I., Mylnikov V.V., Marin S.B., Semyonov S.O., Shetulov D.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2361

Композиционные материалы на основе алюминия широко применяют в различных отраслях промышленности для изготовления деталей и элементов конструкций. В работе представлены результаты диагностики свойств экспериментальных дисперсно-упрочненных композиционных материалов (ДУКМ) на основе алюминия, полученных «методом внутреннего окисления». Исследовали взаимосвязанные между собой механические и технологические свойства композитов с выявлением корреляционной зависимости между параметрами виброакустической эмиссии (ВАЭ) и динамического метода обработки материалов в различном структурно-фазовом состоянии. Анализировали пять партий отливок ДУКМ, изготовленных с использованием различных режимов синтеза включений твердой фазы в матрице материала. Представлены методики и результаты испытаний по определению микроструктуры, химического состава, твердости заготовок, динамических составляющих и сигнала ВАЭ при их обработке. Методами энерго- и волнодисперсионной спектрометрии установлены различия в химическом составе отливок. Зависимость между процентным содержанием легирующих элементов в сплавах и твердостью материала заготовок не выявлена. При этом образцы разных плавок показали различную величину микротвердости. Различие в микротвердости материалов заготовок незначительно влияет на усилие резания и, следовательно, на генерируемые сигналы ВАЭ. Установлена зависимость между изменением параметра сигнала ВАЭ (среднеквадратичным значением) и параметром режима обработки — скоростью резания. Показано, что среднеквадратичное значение сигнала ВАЭ, как информативный параметр, позволяет адекватно оценить изменение скорости точения заготовок из ДУКМ, при которой наблюдается уменьшение составляющих силы резания и достигается требуемая шероховатость обработанной поверхности. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при определении оптимальных скоростей резания, обеспечивающих меньшее значение составляющих силы резания и заданную шероховатость обработанной поверхности.

Composite materials based on aluminum are widely used in various industries for the manufacture of parts and structural elements. The paper presents the results of diagnostics of the properties of experimental disperse-hardened composite materials (DUCM) based on aluminum obtained by the «internal oxidation method». The interrelated mechanical and technological properties of composites were studied with the identification of a correlation between the parameters of vibroacoustic emission (VAE) and the dynamic method of processing materials in different structural and phase states. Five batches of DUCM castings made using various modes of synthesis of solid phase inclusions in the material matrix were analyzed. The methods and test results for determining the microstructure, chemical composition, hardness of workpieces, dynamic components and the VAE signal during their processing are presented. Differences in the chemical composition of castings have been established by energy and wave dispersion spectrometry. The relationship between the percentage of alloying elements in alloys and the hardness of the workpiece material has not been revealed. At the same time, samples of different melts showed different values of microhardness. The difference in the microhardness of the workpiece materials has little effect on the cutting force and, consequently, on the generated VAE signals. The dependence between the change in the parameter of the VAE signal (RMS value) and the parameter of the processing mode — the cutting speed is established. It is shown that the RMS value of the VAE signal, as an informative parameter, allows us to adequately assess the change in the turning speed of blanks made of DUCM, at which a decrease in the components of the cutting force is observed and the required roughness of the treated surface is achieved. The obtained results can be used to determine the optimal cutting speeds, providing a lower value of the components of the cutting force and a given roughness of the treated surface.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.