zldmЗаводская лаборатория. Диагностика материаловIndustrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials1028-68612588-0187ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»10.26896/1028-6861-2025-91-2-76-84zldm-2397Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. МЕХАНИКА МАТЕРИАЛОВ: ПРОЧНОСТЬ, РЕСУРС, БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬTESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. MECHANICAL TESTING METHODSУскоренная оценка предела выносливости полимерных композиционных материалов методом инфракрасной термографииRapid estimation of the fatigue limit of polymer composite materials using infrared thermographyСоломоновД. Г.SolomonovD. G.

Данил Глебович Соломонов

614000, Пермь, Комсомольский просп., 29

Danil G. Solomonov

29, Komsomolsky prosp., Perm, 614000

solomonov1198@yandex.ruНихамкинМ. Ш.NikhamkinM. Sh.

Михаил Шмерович Нихамкин

614000, Пермь, Комсомольский просп., 29

Mikhail Sh. Nikhamkin

29, Komsomolsky prosp., Perm, 614000

Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университетРоссияPerm National Research Polytechnical UniversityRussian Federation2025200220259127684Copyright © Соломонов Д.Г., Нихамкин М.Ш., 20252025Соломонов Д.Г., Нихамкин М.Ш.Solomonov D.G., Nikhamkin M.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2397

Для обеспечения надежности элементов конструкций из полимерных композиционных материалов, работающих в условиях вибрации, необходимо располагать данными о сопротивлении их разрушению вследствие многоцикловой усталости. Традиционный подход к определению характеристик усталостной прочности материалов предполагает проведение длительных дорогостоящих испытаний. Для ускоренной оценки предела выносливости в последние годы активно развивается метод инфракрасной термографии, основанный на использовании эффекта саморазогрева материала при циклических нагрузках, превышающих предел выносливости. Цель данной работы — разработка в рамках метода инфракрасной термографии методики экспериментальной экспресс-оценки предела выносливости полимерных композиционных материалов на примере слоистого углепластика, обоснование выбора контролируемых параметров теплового состояния образцов и обработки результатов. Стандартные образцы из углепластика подвергали блочному циклическому нагружению в цикле растяжение-растяжение на электрорезонансной испытательной машине. В процессе нагружения регистрировали температуру поверхности образцов с помощью прецизионной инфракрасной камеры. Сравнивали четыре варианта обработки результатов испытаний: по максимальной и осредненной по поверхности образца стабилизационной температурам в блоках нагружения, а также по скоростям нарастания максимальной и осредненной температур в начале блока нагружения. Оценки предела выносливости, полученные отмеченными четырьмя вариантами метода обработки термограмм, хорошо согласуются между собой и с результатами стандартных усталостных испытаний. Предложена процедура, позволяющая исключить субъективный фактор при аппроксимации экспериментальных данных о температуре саморазогрева образцов за счет использования коэффициента детерминации R2. Применение метода инфракрасной термографии дает возможность существенно сократить количество испытываемых образцов, трудоемкость и продолжительность работ по сравнению со стандартными усталостными испытаниями. Это позволяет рекомендовать предложенную методику для получения экспресс-оценки предела выносливости композиционных материалов на стадии разработки изделий из них — при выборе конструкторских и технологических решений.

To ensure the reliability of structural elements made of polymer composite materials operating under vibration conditions, it is necessary to have data on their resistance to destruction for a reason of high-cycle fatigue. The traditional approach to determining the fatigue strength characteristics of materials involves long-term expensive tests. The infrared thermography method for express estimation of the fatigue limit was actively developed in recent years. The method is based on the use of self-heating of the material under cyclic loads exceeding the fatigue limit. The purpose of this work is to develop, within the framework of the infrared thermography method, a technique for experimental rapid assessment of the fatigue limit of polymer composite materials using the example of laminated carbon fiber, substantiation of the choice of controlled parameters of the thermal state of samples and processing of the results. The technique was developed using the example of laminated carbon fiber. Standard samples were subjected to block cyclic loading in the «tension-tension» cycle on the resonance testing machine. The surface temperature of the samples was recorded during loading using a precision infrared camera. Four variants of processing the test results were compared. The first two options are based on the use of the maximum and averaged stabilization temperature over the sample surface in the loading blocks. The third and fourth options are based on the use of increase of the maximum and averaged temperature at the beginning of the loading block. The estimates of the fatigue limit obtained by named four variants of the thermogram processing method are in agree with each other and with the results of standard fatigue tests. The use of the infrared thermography method makes it possible to significantly reduce the number of tested samples, the labor intensity and duration of work compared with standard fatigue tests. This allows us to recommend the described methodology for obtaining an express estimation of the fatigue limit at the stage of development of products made of composite materials when choosing design and technological solutions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.