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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2025-91-7-37-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-2544</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование термических превращений и реакционной способности полиакрилонитрила в процессах термической обработки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of thermal transformations and reactivity of polyacrylonitrile in heat treatment processes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечушкин</surname><given-names>Сергей Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechushkin</surname><given-names>Sergey B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Борисович Нечушкин,</p><p>119991, Москва, Ленинский просп., д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey B. Nechushkin,</p><p>4, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nechushkin.sb@misis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нечушкин</surname><given-names>Юрий Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nechushkin</surname><given-names>Yuri B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Борисович Нечушкин,</p><p>119991, Москва, Ленинский просп., д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri B. Nechushkin,</p><p>4, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситнов</surname><given-names>Михаил Андреевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitnov</surname><given-names>Mihail A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Андреевич Ситнов,</p><p>119991, Москва, Ленинский просп., д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mihail A. Sitnov,</p><p>4, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>Владимир Валентинович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Валентинович Козлов,</p><p>119991, Москва, Ленинский просп., д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Kozlov,</p><p>4, Leninsky prosp., Moscow, 119991.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСИС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>91</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нечушкин С.Б., Нечушкин Ю.Б., Ситнов М.А., Козлов В.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нечушкин С.Б., Нечушкин Ю.Б., Ситнов М.А., Козлов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nechushkin S.B., Nechushkin Y.B., Sitnov M.A., Kozlov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2544">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2544</self-uri><abstract><p>Для оптимизации процессов получения графеновых нанопластин на основе полиакрилонитрила (ПАН) необходимо изучение термических превращений и реакционной способности ПАН в процессе термической обработки. В работе представлены результаты исследования термических свойств ПАН и его взаимодействия с растворителями. С использованием методов УФ- и ИК-спектроскопии, дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии, термогравиметрического анализа и молекулярного моделирования установлено, что нитрильная группа CN — ключевой реакционный центр, влияющий на структуру ПАН. Расчеты показали снижение полной энергии системы при термической обработке с 14,87 до 12,51 Дж/г. При взаимодействии ПАН с диметилацетамидом (ДМАА) и диметилформамидом (ДМФА) полная энергия, рассчитанная на 1 атом, составила 6,02 и 5,64 Дж/г. Выявлено также, что температура удаления растворителя из пленки ПАН/ДМФА при содержании ПАН 0,2 % масс. — 141,56, а температура карбонизации — 300 °C. Максимальная реакционная способность наблюдается у атомов водорода, соединенных с третичными атомами углерода и находящихся вблизи CN-групп. Комбинация применяемых экспериментальных методов анализа и молекулярного моделирования позволила установить ключевые закономерности термических превращений ПАН и его взаимодействия с растворителями. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при совершенствовании методов получения графеноподобных материалов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>To optimize the processes of obtaining graphene nanoplatelets based on polyacrylonitrile (PAN), it is necessary to study the thermal transformations and reactivity of PAN during heat treatment. The paper presents the results of a study of the thermal properties of PAN and its interaction with solvents. Using UV and IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and molecular modeling, it was found that the nitrile group CN is the key reaction center affecting the PAN structure. Calculations showed a decrease in the total energy of the system during heat treatment from 14.87 to 12.51 J/g. When PAN interacted with dimethylacetamide (DMA) and dimethylformamide (DMF), the total energy calculated per 1 atom was 6.02 and 5.64 J/g. It was also revealed that the temperature of solvent removal from the PAN/DMF film with a PAN content of 0.2 wt.% — 141.56, and the carbonization temperature is 300°C. The maximum reactivity is observed in hydrogen atoms connected to tertiary carbon atoms and located near CN groups. The combination of the applied experimental methods of analysis and molecular modeling allowed us to establish the key patterns of thermal transformations of PAN and its interaction with solvents. The results obtained can be used to improve the methods for obtaining graphene-like materials.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полиакрилонитрил</kwd><kwd>реакционная способность</kwd><kwd>термическая обработка</kwd><kwd>циклизация</kwd><kwd>стабилизация</kwd><kwd>полная энергия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polyacrylonitrile</kwd><kwd>reactivity</kwd><kwd>heat treatment</kwd><kwd>cyclization</kwd><kwd>stabilization</kwd><kwd>total energy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа финансировалась за счет средств бюджета института (учреждения, организации). Дополнительные гранты на проведение или руководство данным исследованием не привлекались.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu J., Li W., Kang H., et al. 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