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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2025-91-8-56-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-2576</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕХАНИКА МАТЕРИАЛА: ПРОЧНОСТЬ, РЕСУРС, БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIALS MECHANICS: STRENGTH, DURABILITY, SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Живучесть трубопровода с поверхностной трещиной с учетом двухосного стеснения деформаций по ее фронту</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The survivability of a pipeline with a surface crack taking into account the biaxial constraint along its front</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Покровский</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pokrovskii</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Михайлович Покровский</p><p>105005, Москва, 2-я Бауманская ул., д. 5, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexei M. Pokrovskii</p><p>5, str. 1, 2-ya Baumanskaya ul., Moscow, 105005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pokrovsky@bmstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвиенко</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matvienko</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Григорьевич Матвиенко</p><p>101000, Москва, Малый Харитоньевский переулок, д. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury G. Matvienko</p><p>4, Maly Kharitonievsky per., Moscow, 101000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казанцев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazantsev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Игоревич Казанцев</p><p>105005, Москва, 2-я Бауманская ул., д. 5, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexei I. Kazantsev</p><p>5, str. 1, 2-ya Baumanskaya ul., Moscow, 105005</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный технический университет им. Н. Э. Баумана</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bauman Moscow State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт машиноведения РАН им. А. А. Благонравова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>91</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Покровский А.М., Матвиенко Ю.Г., Казанцев А.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Покровский А.М., Матвиенко Ю.Г., Казанцев А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pokrovskii A.M., Matvienko Y.G., Kazantsev A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2576">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2576</self-uri><abstract><p>Предложена методика оценки живучести трубопровода с продольной поверхностной полуэллиптической трещиной нормального отрыва, удаленной от поперечного сварного шва, с учетом двухосного стеснения деформаций по ее фронту. В настоящее время отсутствуют публикации, в которых рост такой трещины прогнозируют с учетом Txx- и Tzz-напряжений, являющихся несингулярными членами в разложении Вильямса для напряжений у фронта трещины в трехмерных телах. Для моделирования роста усталостной трещины использована модернизированная формула Пэриса, в которой размах обычного коэффициента интенсивности напряжений (КИН) заменен на размах эффективного КИН. При этом в выражение для эффективного КИН кроме обычного КИН включены Txx- и Tzz-напряжения. Предложенный двухпараметрический подход позволяет учесть стеснение деформаций в плоскости трещины: в перпендикулярном фронту направлении — за счет введения в выражение для эффективного КИН Txx-напряжений, в продольном направлении — за счет введения Tzz-напряжений. Выражение для эффективного КИН получено ранее авторами посредством усовершенствования критерия разрушения максимальных тангенциальных напряжений. Принято, что тангенциальные напряжения в зоне предразрушения равны локальной прочности материала. При этом размер зоны предразрушения и локальная прочность материала определены с учетом Txx- и Tzz-напряжений. Численное моделирование проведено в конечно-элементной среде ANSYS Workbench. Для построения конечно-элементной модели в окрестности фронта трещины использованы вырожденные из SOLID186 15-узловые клиновые сингулярные КЭ, имеющие встроенную функцию вычисления КИН и Txx-напряжений. Для вычисления Tzz-напряжений и эффективного КИН по фронту трещины на языке программирования APDL разработан специальный макрос. Показано, что применение традиционного однопараметрического подхода, основанного на формуле Пэриса, не позволяет учесть двухосное стеснение деформаций при оценке живучести трубопровода, так как, в отличие от эффективного КИН, обычный КИН для продольной полуэллиптической трещины зависит только от окружных напряжений. Установлено, что для поверхностных трещин одинаковой начальной глубины при увеличении полудлины ресурс трубопровода снижается. При этом ресурс, прогнозируемый с использованием стандартной однопараметричесой формулы Пэриса, приблизительно на 30 % ниже, чем полученный по результатам двухпараметрического анализа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A method for assessing the survivability of a pipeline at a distance from a transverse weld with a longitudinal surface semi-elliptical mode I crack is proposed, taking into account the biaxial constraint along its front. A literature review has shown that there are currently no works in which the forecast of the growth of such crack is carried out taking into account the Txx- and Tzz-stresses, which are nonsingular terms in the Williams expansion for stresses at the crack tip. To model the growth of a fatigue crack, a modified Paris formula is used, in which the range of the effective stress intensity factor (SIF) is substituted instead of the span of the usual SIF. In this case, in addition to the usual SIF, the expression for the effective SIF includes the Txx- and Tzz-stresses. The proposed two-parameter approach allows taking into account the constraint in the crack plane in the direction perpendicular to the front, due to the introduction of Txx-stresses into the expression for the effective SIF, and in the longitudinal direction due to the introduction of Tzz-stresses. The expression for the effective SIF was previously obtained by the authors by improving the fracture criterion of maximum tangential stresses. It is assumed that tangential stresses in the fracture process zone are equal to the local strength of the material. In this case, the size of the fracture process zone and the local strength of the material are determined taking into account the Txx- and Tzz-stresses. Numerical simulation was performed in the finite element environment of ANSYS Workbench. To construct a mathematical model of a pipe with a semi-elliptical crack, three types of finite elements (FE) were used: 10-node tetrahedral elements SOLID187; 20-node hexahedral FE SOLID186 and 15-node wedge FE degenerated from SOLID186. The latter of which singular FEs have a built-in function for calculating the SIF and Txx-stresses. Special macros were written in the APDL programming language to calculate the Tzz-stresses and the effective SIF along the crack front. It is shown that the use of a one-parameter approach based on the Paris formula does not allow taking into account the biaxiality of the stress state when assessing the survivability of an oil pipeline, since, unlike the effective SIF, the usual SIF for a longitudinal semi-elliptical crack depends only on circumferential stresses. It is established that for cracks of the same initial depth, the durability decreases with an increase in half-length. It is revealed that the durability predicted using the usual one-parameter Paris formula is approximately 30% underestimated, compared to the results of a two-parameter analysis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>двухпараметрическая механика разрушения</kwd><kwd>эффективный коэффициент интенсивности напряжений</kwd><kwd>Txx- и Tzz-напряжения</kwd><kwd>живучесть</kwd><kwd>полуэллиптическая трещина I типа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>two-parameter fracture mechanics</kwd><kwd>effective stress intensity factor</kwd><kwd>Txx- and Tzz-stresses</kwd><kwd>survivability</kwd><kwd>semi-elliptical I mode crack</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paris P., Erdogan F. A critical analysis of crack propagation laws / J. Basic Eng. 1963. Vol. 85. P. 528 – 533.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paris P., Erdogan F. 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