zldmЗаводская лаборатория. Диагностика материаловIndustrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials1028-68612588-0187ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»10.26896/1028-6861-2025-91-12-63-69zldm-2674Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯTESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROLИсследование особенностей климатического старения стабилизированного полиэтилена низкого давления в сложных природно-климатических условияхStudy of the features of climatic aging of stabilized low-presure polyethylene in severe natural and climatic conditionsПетуховаЕ. С.PetukhovaE. S.

Евгения Спартаковна Петухова

677021, г. Якутск, просп. Михаила Николаева, д. 20

Evgeniya S. Petukhova

20, prosp. Mikhaila Nikolaeva, Yakutsk, 677021

evgspar@rambler.ruАргуноваА. Г.ArgunovaA. G.

Анастасия Гавриловна Аргунова

677021, г. Якутск, просп. Михаила Николаева, д. 20

Anastasiya G. Argunova

20, prosp. Mikhaila Nikolaeva, Yakutsk, 677021

ФедоровА. Л.FedorovA. L.

Андрей Леонидович Федоров

677021, г. Якутск, просп. Михаила Николаева, д. 20

Andrey L. Fedorov

20, prosp. Mikhaila Nikolaeva, Yakutsk, 677021

Якутский научный центр СО РАН, Институт проблем нефти и газа СО РАНРоссияYakut Scientific Center, Institute of Oil and Gas Problems, SB RASRussian Federation20252412202591126369Copyright © Петухова Е.С., Аргунова А.Г., Федоров А.Л., 20252025Петухова Е.С., Аргунова А.Г., Федоров А.Л.Petukhova E.S., Argunova A.G., Fedorov A.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2674

Многие регионы Сибири и Дальнего Востока характеризуются экстремальными природно-климатическими условиями, включающими значительные сезонные (от –60 до 40 °C) и суточные (до 30 °C) колебания температур с неоднократными переходами через 0 °C, высокую влажность и интенсивную солнечную радиацию. В работе представлены результаты исследования климатической стойкости полиэтилена низкого давления (ПЭНД) в сложных природно-климатических условиях. Исследовали ПЭНД марки 273-83, содержащий стабилизатор марки СО-4. Натурное экспонирование на испытательном полигоне проводили в течение 15 мес. При исследовании относительного удлинения при разрыве установлено, что наибольшей климатической стойкостью обладают материалы, содержащие 1,0 % масс. СО-4. Кроме того, стабилизатор позволяет значительно повысить стойкость ПЭНД к окислительным процессам, не участвуя в реакции Норриша II, сопровождающейся образованием концевых винильных групп. Анализ показателя текучести расплава показал, что при старении на начальных этапах (до 3 мес.) в материалах протекают преимущественно реакции сшивания макромолекулярных цепей. С увеличением продолжительности экспонирования реакции, сопровождающиеся разрывом макромолекулярных цепей, начинают преобладать над процессами сшивания, приводя к снижению вязкости расплава. Применение стабилизирующей добавки дает возможность снизить скорость обеих конкурирующих реакций. Выявлено, что эффективность стабилизатора определяется его оптимальной концентрацией, зависящей от растворимости добавки в полимерной матрице. Недостаточное количество стабилизатора приводит к преждевременному его расходу при ингибировании радикальных цепных реакций, возникающих под воздействием УФ-излучения и кислорода воздуха. При избытке часть добавки выступает на поверхности материала, вызывая образование внутренних дефектов, приводящих к охрупчиванию ПЭНД. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при оценке надежности и долговечности изделий из ПЭНД и стабилизированных материалов на его основе при воздействии заданных природно-климатических условий для предотвращения отказов оборудования в процессе эксплуатации.

Northern regions of Siberia and the Far East are characterized by extreme natural and climatic conditions, including significant seasonal (from –60 to 40°C) and daily (up to 30°C) temperature fluctuations with repeated transitions through 0°C, high humidity and intense solar radiation. The paper presents the results of a study of the climatic resistance of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in difficult natural and climatic conditions. HDPE grade 273-83 containing the stabilizer grade SO-4 was studied. Full-scale exposure at the test site was carried out for 15 months. When studying the relative elongation at break, it was found that materials containing 1.0 wt.% SO-4 have the highest climatic resistance. In addition, the stabilizer makes it possible to significantly increase the resistance of HDPE to oxidative processes, without participating in the Norrish II reaction, accompanied by the formation of terminal vinyl groups. The analysis of the melt flow index showed that during aging at the initial stages (up to 3 months), predominantly crosslinking reactions of macromolecular chains occur in the materials. With increasing exposure time, reactions accompanied by macromolecular chain scission reactions begin to prevail over crosslinking processes, leading to a decrease in melt viscosity. The use of a stabilizing additive makes it possible to reduce the rate of both competing reactions. It was found that the efficiency of the stabilizer is determined by its optimal concentration, which depends on the solubility of the additive in the polymer matrix. An insufficient amount of the stabilizer leads to its premature consumption during inhibition of radical chain reactions occurring under the influence of UV radiation and oxygen of air. With an excess, part of the additive appears on the surface of the material, causing the formation of internal defects leading to embrittlement of HDPE. The obtained results can be used to assess the reliability and durability of parts and structures made of HDPE and stabilized materials based on it under direct exposure to specified natural and climatic conditions, to assess their service life and prevent equipment failures during operation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.