zldmЗаводская лаборатория. Диагностика материаловIndustrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials1028-68612588-0187ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»10.26896/1028-6861-2026-92-1-14-23zldm-2694Research ArticleАНАЛИЗ ВЕЩЕСТВАSUBSTANCES ANALYSISИдентификация летучих примесей и продуктов термической деструкции полиакрилата натрия методом газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии в сочетании с парофазным анализомIdentification of volatile impurities and thermal degradation products in sodium polyacrylate by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometryФедотоваЛ. А.FedotovaL. A.

Лионэлла Айдыновна Федотова

119121, Москва, Погодинская ул., д. 10, стр. 1

Lionella A. Fedotova

10 bld. 1, Pogodinskaya ul., Moscow, 119121

ПотапченкоТ. Д.PotapchenkoT. D.

Тимур Дмитриевич Потапченко

119121, Москва, Погодинская ул., д. 10, стр. 1

Timur D. Potapchenko

10 bld. 1, Pogodinskaya ul., Moscow, 119121

tpotapchenko@cspfmba.ruТимченкоЮ. В.TimchenkoYu. V.

Юрий Валерьевич Тимченко

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 3

Yuri V. Timchenko

1 bld. 3, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

БолотникТ. А.BolotnikT. A.

Тимофей Александрович Болотник

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 3

Timofey A. Bolotnik

1 bld. 3, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

БолотникН. Ф.BolotnikN. F.

Надежда Фаридовна Болотник

123098, Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23

Nadezhda F. Bolotnik

23, ul. Marshala Novikova, Moscow, 123098

АнаньеваИ. А.AnanyevaI. A.

Ирина Алексеевна Ананьева

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 3

Irina A. Ananyeva

1 bld. 3, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

РодинИ. А.RodinI. A.

Игорь Александрович Родин

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 3

Igor A. Rodin

1 bld. 3, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

Центр стратегического планирования и управления медико-биологическими рисками здоровью Федерального медико-биологического агентстваРоссияCentre for Strategic Planning and Management of Biomedical Health Risks of the Federal Medical-Biological AgencyRussian FederationМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State University, Department of ChemistryRussian FederationФедеральный медицинский биофизический центр им. А. И. БурназянаРоссияBurnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of the Federal Medical-Biological AgencyRussian Federation2026290120269211423Copyright © Федотова Л.А., Потапченко Т.Д., Тимченко Ю.В., Болотник Т.А., Болотник Н.Ф., Ананьева И.А., Родин И.А., 20262026Федотова Л.А., Потапченко Т.Д., Тимченко Ю.В., Болотник Т.А., Болотник Н.Ф., Ананьева И.А., Родин И.А.Fedotova L.A., Potapchenko T.D., Timchenko Y.V., Bolotnik T.A., Bolotnik N.F., Ananyeva I.A., Rodin I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2694

Методом газовой хроматографии в сочетании с масс-спектрометрией и парофазным анализом (ПА-ГХ-МС) проведено исследование летучих органических соединений (ЛОС) в паровой фазе над промышленным образцом полиакрилата натрия в различных температурных режимах с идентификацией примесей и продуктов термической деструкции. Предложены условия, обеспечивающие эффективное хроматографическое разделение смеси продуктов деструкции с приемлемым разрешением пиков основных и минорных компонентов. Образцы полиакрилата натрия термостатировали при температурах, моделирующих эксплуатационные (30 и 60 °C) и экстремальные технологические (190 °C) условия, как с продувкой воздухом, так и без нее. Установлено отсутствие ЛОС в исходном промышленном образце полиакрилата натрия после термостатирования при температурах до 60 °C. При 190 °C в паровой фазе впервые идентифицированы 9 продуктов термической деструкции и примесей: пропиленгликоль, 1,4-бутандиол, нонаналь, диметилглутарат, алкилацетали, бициклические терпены (седрен, лонгифолен) и 2,6-ди-трет-бутилхинон (продукт деградации антиоксиданта). Показано, что кратковременная продувка образца воздухом при 190 °C приводит к значительному (на порядок величины) снижению концентраций всех идентифицированных ЛОС. На основании анализа литературных токсикологических данных сделан вывод о низком ингаляционном риске идентифицированных ЛОС. Полученные результаты имеют важное значение для разработки мер безопасности при высокотемпературной переработке полиакрилата натрия и подтверждают его статус малоопасного материала.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the vapor phase above an industrial sample of sodium polyacrylate were investigated under various temperature conditions using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with headspace analysis (HS-GC-MS), with the aim of identifying impurities and thermal degradation products. Conditions ensuring effective chromatographic separation of the degradation products mixture with acceptable resolution of major and minor component peaks were proposed. The sodium polyacrylate samples were thermostated at temperatures simulating operational (30 and 60°C) and extreme technological (190°C) conditions, both with and without air purging. The absence of VOCs in the original industrial sample after thermostating at temperatures up to 60°C was established. At 190°C, nine thermal degradation products and impurities were identified for the first time in the vapor phase, including propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, nonanal, dimethyl glutarate, alkyl acetals, bicyclic terpenes (cedrene, longifolene), and 2,6-di-tert-butylquinone (antioxidant degradation product). It was demonstrated that short-term purging of the sample with air at 190°C leads to a significant (by an order of magnitude) reduction in the concentrations of all identified VOCs. Based on an analysis of published toxicological data, it was concluded that the identified VOCs pose a low inhalation risk. The obtained results are important for developing safety measures for the high-temperature processing of sodium polyacrylate and confirm its status as a low-hazard material.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.