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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2026-92-5-35-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-2828</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование влияния крупных частиц графита на зеренную структуру керамики на основе карбида вольфрама</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Research of the effect of large graphite particles on the grain structure of ceramics based on tungsten carbide</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сметанина</surname><given-names>К. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smetanina</surname><given-names>K. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ксения Евгеньевна Сметанина</p><p>603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia E. Smetanina</p><p>23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Валерьевич Андреев</p><p>603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel V. Andreev</p><p>23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andreev@phys.unn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбакова</surname><given-names>У. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybakova</surname><given-names>U. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ульяна Юрьевна Рыбакова</p><p>603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ulyana Yu. Rybakova</p><p>23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаддеев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Faddeev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Андреевич Фаддеев</p><p>603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Faddeev</p><p>23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гетманская</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Getmanskaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Александровна Гетманская</p><p>603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra A. Getmanskaya</p><p>23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ланцев</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lantsev</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Андреевич Ланцев</p><p>603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny A. Lantsev</p><p>23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурашов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murashov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артём Александрович Мурашов</p><p>603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem A. Murashov</p><p>23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пискунов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Piskunov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Владимирович Пискунов</p><p>603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Piskunov</p><p>23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н. И. Лобачевского (Национальный исследовательский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>92</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сметанина К.Е., Андреев П.В., Рыбакова У.Ю., Фаддеев М.А., Гетманская А.А., Ланцев Е.А., Мурашов А.А., Пискунов А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сметанина К.Е., Андреев П.В., Рыбакова У.Ю., Фаддеев М.А., Гетманская А.А., Ланцев Е.А., Мурашов А.А., Пискунов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smetanina K.E., Andreev P.V., Rybakova U.Y., Faddeev M.A., Getmanskaya A.A., Lantsev E.A., Murashov A.A., Piskunov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2828">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2828</self-uri><abstract><p>Керамики и твердые сплавы на основе карбида вольфрама широко применяют в качестве основы для металлорежущих и металлообрабатывающих инструментов. Цель работы — металлографическое исследование влияния крупных частиц графита в исходном порошке на зеренную структуру керамики на основе карбида вольфрама, изготовленной методом электроимпульсного плазменного спекания. Исследовали образцы керамики, перед спеканием которых в исходный порошок были введены крупные частицы графита размером 50 – 500 мкм. Использовали цифровую обработку изображений и методы статистического анализа. Установлено, что вокруг частиц графита, выявленных на металлографических шлифах образцов, формируется область крупных зерен размером ~10 мкм (при субмикронном размере зерен в основном объеме материала). Формирование такой области при контакте спекаемой заготовки с графитовой оснасткой — следствие диффузии углерода в карбиде вольфрама. Толщина области не зависит (в пределах погрешности) от размера частиц графита и составляет 44 ± 9 мкм. Показано, что распределение размеров крупнозернистых областей можно аппроксимировать логнормальным и экспоненциально-модифицированным гауссовым распределениями (моды распределений — 47 ± 4 и 53 ± 7 мкм соответственно). Полученные результаты и предложенный подход могут быть использованы для совершенствования методики обработки цифровых изображений при металлографическом анализе микроструктуры материалов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Tungsten carbide-based ceramics and hard alloys are widely used as the base for metal-cutting and metalworking tools. The purpose of the work is a metallographic study of the effect of large graphite particles in the initial powder on the grain structure of tungsten carbide-based ceramics produced by spark plasma sintering. Before sintering the ceramic samples, large graphite particles of 50 – 500 μm in size were introduced into the initial powder. Digital image processing and statistical analysis methods were used in the work. It was found that an area of large grains of ~10 μm in size (with a submicron grain size in the material bulk) is formed around the graphite particles identified in metallographic sections of the samples. Similar effect upon contact between the workpiece and the graphite tooling is a consequence of carbon diffusion in tungsten carbide. The area thickness does not depend (within the error limits) on the graphite particle size and is 44 ± 9 μm. It was shown that the size distribution of coarse-grained areas can be approximated by lognormal and exponentially modified Gaussian distributions (the distribution modes are 47 ± 4 and 53 ± 7 μm, respectively). The results obtained and the proposed approach can be used to improve digital image processing techniques for metallographic analysis of the microstructure of materials.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>металлографическое изображение</kwd><kwd>микроструктура</kwd><kwd>карбид вольфрама</kwd><kwd>графит</kwd><kwd>зерно</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>metallographic image</kwd><kwd>microstructure</kwd><kwd>tungsten carbide</kwd><kwd>graphite</kwd><kwd>grains</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РНФ (грант № 22-73-10175).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Panov V. S., Chuvilin A. M. Technology and properties of sintered carbide alloys and products from them. — Moscow: MISIS, 2001. — 428 p. 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