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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2026-92-5-41-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-2829</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>TESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ультразвуковые и микроскопические исследования алюмоматричного композита, армированного полыми керамическими микросферами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ultrasonic and microscopic studies of aluminum matrix composite reinforced with hollow ceramic microspheres</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курашкин</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurashkin</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Владимирович Курашкин</p><p>603024, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Белинского, д. 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin V. Kurashkin</p><p>85, ul. Belinskogo, Nizhny Novgorod, 603024</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kurashkin@ipmran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончар</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gonchar</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Викторович Гончар</p><p>603024, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Белинского, д. 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Gonchar</p><p>85, ul. Belinskogo, Nizhny Novgorod, 603024</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovyov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Александрович Соловьев</p><p>603024, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Белинского, д. 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Solovyov</p><p>85, ul. Belinskogo, Nizhny Novgorod, 603024</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разов</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razov</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Николаевич Разов</p><p>603024, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Белинского, д. 85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny N. Razov</p><p>85, ul. Belinskogo, Nizhny Novgorod, 603024</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем машиностроения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>92</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Курашкин К.В., Гончар А.В., Соловьев А.А., Разов Е.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курашкин К.В., Гончар А.В., Соловьев А.А., Разов Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurashkin K.V., Gonchar A.V., Solovyov A.A., Razov E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2829">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2829</self-uri><abstract><p>Решение проблемы оперативного неразрушающего контроля литых алюмоматричных композитов имеет большое практическое значение для совершенствования технологии их производства. Цель работы — ультразвуковые и микроскопические исследования перспективного алюмоматричного композита, полученного методом литья с механическим замешиванием упрочняющих полых керамических микросфер. Для исследования образцов с разной объемной долей пор и упрочняющих микросфер использовали методы оптической и сканирующей электронной микроскопии, гидростатического взвешивания, ультразвуковой эхо-метод. Показано, что насыщение алюминиевого сплава упрочняющими полыми микросферами, состоящими в основном из оксида алюминия, позволяет получить композит менее плотный, чем исходный сплав. Определяющая характеристика структуры материала, влияющая на его свойства, — суммарная объемная доля микропор и упрочняющих микросфер. Установлено, что в анализируемых образцах неоднородность распределения и средний размер пор и упрочняющих микросфер не влияют на скорости распространения ультразвуковых волн и упругие свойства. Плотность, скорости ультразвуковых волн, модуль Юнга и коэффициент Пуассона монотонно уменьшаются с ростом суммарной объемной доли микропор и полых микросфер. Сделан вывод: коэффициент Пуассона может применяться в качестве информативного параметра для экспресс-оценки качества композита. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для совершенствования методики неразрушающего контроля качества создаваемых алюмоматричных композитов, армированных полыми керамическими микросферами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Solving the problem of operational nondestructive evaluation of cast aluminum matrix composites is of great practical importance for improving their production technology. The purpose of the work is ultrasonic and microscopic studies of a promising aluminum matrix composite obtained by casting with mechanical mixing of reinforcing hollow ceramic microspheres. Optical and scanning electron microscopy, hydrostatic weighing, and ultrasonic echo method were used to study specimens with different volume fractions of pores and reinforcing microspheres. It is shown that saturation of aluminum matrix with reinforcing hollow microspheres consisting mainly of aluminum oxide makes it possible to obtain the composite less dense than the initial alloy. The main characteristic of the composite structure affecting its properties is the total volume fraction of micropores and reinforcing microspheres. It was found that in the studied specimens, the heterogeneity of the distribution and the average size of the pores and reinforcing microspheres do not affect the propagation velocities of ultrasonic waves and elastic properties. The density, ultrasonic wave velocities, Young’s modulus, and Poisson’s ratio decrease monotonously with an increase in the total volume fraction of micropores and hollow microspheres. It is concluded that the Poisson’s ratio can be used as an informative parameter for rapid quality control of the composite. The results obtained can be used to improve the technique of nondestructive quality control of produced aluminum matrix composites reinforced with hollow ceramic microspheres.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алюмоматричный композит</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковой контроль</kwd><kwd>пористость</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aluminum matrix composite</kwd><kwd>ultrasonic inspection</kwd><kwd>porosity</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (№ 25-29-00922, https:// rscf.ru/project/25-29-00922, регистрационный номер НИОКТР 125021702350-8).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chak V., Chattopadhyay H., Dora T. 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