zldmЗаводская лаборатория. Диагностика материаловIndustrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials1028-68612588-0187ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»10.26896/1028-6861-2026-92-6-5-16zldm-2853Research ArticleАНАЛИЗ ВЕЩЕСТВАSUBSTANCES ANALYSISГХ-МС в сочетании с твердофазной микроэкстракцией для идентификации летучих органических соединений в рыбе после обработки ускоренными электронамиGC-MS coupled with solid-phase microextraction for identification of volatile organic compounds in fish irradiated with accelerated electronsБолотникТ. А.BolotnikT. A.

Тимофей Александрович Болотник

119991, Москва, ГСП-1, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 3.

Timofey A. Bolotnik

1, str. 3, Leninskie gory, 119991, Moscow

ИпатоваВ. С.IpatovaV. S.

Виктория Сергеевна Ипатова

119991, Москва, ГСП-1, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 2.

Victoria S. Ipatova

1, str. 2, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991

ipatova.vs15@physics.msu.ruОпруненкоA. Ю.OprunenkoA. Yu.

Анастасия Юрьевна Опруненко

119991, Москва, ГСП-1, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 3.

Anastasia Yu. Oprunenko

, str. 3, Leninskie gory, 119991, Moscow

БлизнюкУ. А.BliznyukU. A.

Ульяна Александровна Близнюк 

119991, Москва, ГСП-1, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 2.

Ulyana A. Bliznyuk 

1, str. 2, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991

БорщеговскаяП. Ю.BorshchegovskayaA. Yu.

Полина Юрьевна Борщеговская

119991, Москва, ГСП-1, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 2.

Polina Yu. Borshchegovskaya 

1, str. 2, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991

МаркинаЕ. Г.MarkinaE. G.

Екатерина Григорьевна Маркина

119991, Москва, ГСП-1, Ленинские горы, д. 1.

Ekaterina G. Markina

1, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991

МежетоваИ. Т.MezhetovaI. T.

Ирина Тимуровна Межетова

119991, Москва, ГСП-1, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 2.

Irina T. Mezhetova 

1, str. 2, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991

АнаньеваИ. А.AnanyevaI. A.

Ирина Алексеевна Ананьева 

119991, Москва, ГСП-1, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 3.

Irina A. Ananyeva 

1, str. 3, Leninskie gory, 119991

ЧерняевА. П.ChernyaevA. P.

Александр Петрович Черняев 

119991, Москва, ГСП-1, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 2.

Alexander P. Chernyaev

1, str. 2, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119991

РодинИ. А.RodinI. A.

Игорь Александрович Родин

119991, Москва, ГСП-1, Ленинские горы, д. 1, стр. 3; 119454, Москва, просп. Вернадского, д. 78; 119435, Москва, Б. Пироговская ул., д. 2, стр. 2.

 

Igor A. Rodin

1, str. 3, Leninskie gory, 119991; 78, prosp. Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454; 2, str. 2, B. Pirogovskaya ul., Moscow, 119435

Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, химический факультетРоссияLomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of ChemistryRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики им. Д. В. СкобельцынаРоссияSkobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear PhysicsRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики им. Д. В. Скобельцына; Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, физический факультетРоссияSkobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of PhysicsRussian FederationМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, механико-математический факультетРоссияLomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Mechanics and MathematicsRussian FederationМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, физический факультетРоссияLomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of PhysicsRussian FederationМосковский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова, химический факультет; МИРЭА — Российский технологический университет (Институт тонких химических технологий имени М. В. Ломоносова); Первый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)РоссияIgor A. RodinLomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Chemistry;  MIREA — Russian Technological University (M. V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies); I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University)Russian Federation202604072026926516Copyright © Болотник Т.А., Ипатова В.С., Опруненко A.Ю., Близнюк У.А., Борщеговская П.Ю., Маркина Е.Г., Межетова И.Т., Ананьева И.А., Черняев А.П., Родин И.А., 20262026Болотник Т.А., Ипатова В.С., Опруненко A.Ю., Близнюк У.А., Борщеговская П.Ю., Маркина Е.Г., Межетова И.Т., Ананьева И.А., Черняев А.П., Родин И.А.Bolotnik T.A., Ipatova V.S., Oprunenko A.Y., Bliznyuk U.A., Borshchegovskaya A.Y., Markina E.G., Mezhetova I.T., Ananyeva I.A., Chernyaev A.P., Rodin I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2853

При разработке протоколов радиационной обработки пищевой продукции одной из целей является поиск оптимального диапазона доз для конкретного типа продукта, чтобы обеспечить подавление патогенной микрофлоры с сохранением его биохимических и органолептических свойств. При воздействии ионизирующего излучения на различные пищевые продукты образуются летучие органические соединения (ЛОС), содержание которых меняется в зависимости от дозы облучения, поэтому их можно рассматривать как маркерные для описания процессов, связанных с облучением. Предложен универсальный способ изучения профиля летучих соединений в палтусе, облученном на ускорителе электронов, с использованием газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии в сочетании с твердофазной микроэкстракцией. Показано, что радиационная обработка существенно изменяет профиль летучих соединений палтуса и приводит к дозозависимому увеличению содержания соединений. Среди идентифицированных ЛОС были установлены соединения-маркеры радиационно-индуцированных окислительных процессов — диметилдисульфид, гептаналь, октаналь и нонаналь, а также соединения, обнаруженные лишь в облученных образцах палтуса — 3-метилбутаналь, бензол и 1,3-бис(1,1-диметилэтил)бензол, что делает их потенциальными маркерами радиационной обработки палтуса. Результаты многомерного статистического анализа (анализ методом главных компонент PCA и дискриминантный анализ методом частичных наименьших квадратов PLS-DA) подтверждают наличие выраженных дозозависимых изменений и позволяют эффективно разделять облученные и необлученные образцы. Предложенный подход к выявлению маркерных соединений и классификации образцов может быть адаптирован для других пищевых продуктов и использован при разработке универсальных методов контроля и оптимизации радиационной обработки.

In the development of food irradiation protocols, one of the objectives is to determine the optimal dose range for a specific product type, where pathogenic microflora are suppressed while biochemical and organoleptic properties are preserved. The exposure of various foodstuffs to ionizing radiation results in the formation of volatile organic compounds, whose content changes depending on the product’s irradiation dose. These volatile organic compounds can therefore be considered as marker compounds to describe irradiation-related processes. This work proposes a universal approach for studying the volatile compound profile in electron-beam-irradiated halibut, employing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with solid-phase microextraction. It has been shown that radiation processing significantly alters the profile of volatile compounds in halibut and leads to a dose-dependent increase in the concentration of these compounds. Among the identified volatile compounds, compounds serving as markers of radiation-induced oxidative processes were established: dimethyl disulfide, heptanal, octanal and nonanal. Additionally, compounds detected exclusively in irradiated halibut samples — 3-methylbutanal, benzene, and 1,3-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)benzene were identified, making them potential markers for the radiation treatment of halibut. The results of multivariate statistical analysis (Principal Component Analysis, PCA, and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis, PLS-DA) confirm the presence of pronounced dose-dependent changes and enable effective discrimination between irradiated and non-irradiated samples. The proposed approach for identifying marker compounds and classifying samples can be adapted to other food products and used in the development of universal methods for monitoring and optimizing radiation processing.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.