zldmЗаводская лаборатория. Диагностика материаловIndustrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials1028-68612588-0187ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»10.26896/1028-6861-2026-92-6-42-48zldm-2857Research ArticleИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ. ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯTESTING OF STRUCTURE AND PARAMETERS. PHYSICAL METHODS OF TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROLОценка влияния качества подготовки поверхности образцов вольфрамовых сплавов на остаточные напряжения, определяемые методом рентгеновской дифракцииEvaluation of the effect of the surface preparation quality of tungsten alloy samples on residual stresses determined by x-ray diffractionКомковМ. А.KomkovM. A.

Максим Алексеевич Комков 

603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23.

Maxim A. Komkov 

23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022

maksim.komkov@unn.ruСметанинаК. Е.SmetaninaK. E.

Ксения Евгеньевна Сметанина 

603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23.

Ksenia E. Smetanina 

23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022

АндреевП. B.AndreevP. V.

Павел Валерьевич Андреев 

603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23.

Pavel V. Andreev 

23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022

ЛанцевЕ. А.LantsevE. A.

Евгений Андреевич Ланцев 

603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23.

Evgeni A. Lantsev 

23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022

МалехоноваН. В.MalekhonovaN. V.

Наталья Викторовна Малехонова 

603022, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23.

Natalya V. Malekhonova 

23, prosp. Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022

Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н. И. ЛобачевскогоРоссияLobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod National Research State UniversityRussian FederationНациональный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н. И. ЛобачевскогоРоссияNatalya V. MalekhonovaLobachevsky Nizhny Novgorod National Research State UniversityRussian Federation2026040720269264248Copyright © Комков М.А., Сметанина К.Е., Андреев П.B., Ланцев Е.А., Малехонова Н.В., 20262026Комков М.А., Сметанина К.Е., Андреев П.B., Ланцев Е.А., Малехонова Н.В.Komkov M.A., Smetanina K.E., Andreev P.V., Lantsev E.A., Malekhonova N.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2857

Применение современных методов скоростного спекания при производстве вольфрамовых сплавов приводит к появлению остаточных напряжений в материале. Цель работы — рентгенодифракционное исследование внутренних напряжений в образцах вольфрамовых сплавов с различными параметрами микроструктуры. При исследовании основное внимание уделяли роли качества поверхности образцов и влиянию пробоподготовки на получаемые результаты. Установлено, что достоверность рентгенодифракционных данных для сильно поглощающих образцов вольфрамовых сплавов существенно зависит от качества поверхности. Оценены различия дифрактограмм при применении схемы Брэгга – Брентано и симметричной съемки с параллельным первичным пучком. Показано, что воспроизводимость процедуры определения параметра элементарной ячейки позволяет комбинировать обе оптические схемы в рамках одного исследования. Выявлено, что механическая полировка поверхности образцов вольфрамовых сплавов до шероховатости 1 мкм не обеспечивает сопоставимого качества для рентгенодифракционных исследований, как электрохимическая полировка. Величина нормальной к поверхности образца компоненты остаточных напряжений практически не зависит от качества пробоподготовки. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при совершенствовании технологий изготовления изделий на основе вольфрамовых сплавов с прогнозируемыми физико-механическими свойствами.

The use of modern high-speed sintering methods in the production of tungsten alloys leads to the appearance of residual stresses in the material. The objective of this work was to conduct an X-ray diffraction study of internal stresses in tungsten alloy samples with various microstructural parameters. The study focused on the role of sample surface quality and the influence of sample preparation on the results. It has been established that the reliability of X-ray diffraction data for highly absorbing tungsten alloy samples depends significantly on surface quality. Differences in diffraction patterns were assessed using the Bragg – Brentano scheme and symmetrical shooting with a parallel primary beam. It has been shown that the reproducibility of the unit cell parameter determination procedure allows for combining both optical schemes within a single study. It has been found that mechanical polishing of the tungsten alloy sample surface to a roughness of 1 μm does not provide comparable quality for X-ray diffraction studies as electrochemical polishing. The value of the residual stress component normal to the sample surface does not depend significantly on the quality of sample preparation. The results obtained can be used to improve manufacturing technologies for tungsten alloys-based products with predictable physical and mechanical properties.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.