zldmЗаводская лаборатория. Диагностика материаловIndustrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials1028-68612588-0187ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»10.26896/1028-6861-2026-92-9-53-59zldm-2938Research ArticleФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И КОНТРОЛЯPHYSICAL METHODS OF RESEARCH AND MONITORINGИсследование структуры металла трубы, эксплуатирующейся в условиях воздействия соляного туманаStudy of the metal structure of a pipe operated under the influence of salt mistМанцеровС. А.MantserovS. A.

Сергей Александрович Манцеров

603155, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, д. 24

Sergey A. Mantserov

24, ul. Minina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603155

ЧернигинМ. А.CherniginM. A.

Михаил Алексеевич Чернигин

603155, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, д. 24

Mikhail A. Chernigin

24, ul. Minina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603155

МордовинаЮ. С.MordovinaYu. S.

Юлия Сергеевна Мордовина

603155, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, д. 24

Yuliya S. Mordovina

24, ul. Minina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603155

ips4@nntu.ruАносовМ. С.AnosovM. S.

Максим Сергеевич Аносов

603155, г. Нижний Новгород, ул. Минина, д. 24

Maksim S. Anosov

24, ul. Minina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603155

Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р. Е. АлексееваРоссияNizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R. E. AlekseevRussian Federation2026250920269295359Copyright © Манцеров С.А., Чернигин М.А., Мордовина Ю.С., Аносов М.С., 20262026Манцеров С.А., Чернигин М.А., Мордовина Ю.С., Аносов М.С.Mantserov S.A., Chernigin M.A., Mordovina Y.S., Anosov M.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/2938

Изделия, предназначенные для эксплуатации в условиях приморских и морских территорий, постоянно подвержены воздействию агрессивной окружающей среды. Цель работы — исследование структуры металла трубы после 15 лет эксплуатации в системе отвода соляного тумана (5 % NaCl, pH 6,5 – 7,2, 35 °C). Химический состав металла на различных участках трубы анализировали с применением оптико-эмиссионной спектрометрии. Показано, что химический состав соответствует аустенитной стали AISI 304. При определении микротвердости (нагрузка 9,81 Н) на изогнутых участках трубы фиксировали рост твердости на 34 % по сравнению с прямолинейными участками вследствие наклепа и образования деформационных двойников. Для выявления микроструктуры проводили химическое травление металла в кипящем растворе кислот (HNO3, HCl) и реактиве Марбле. Установлено, что наибольшее распространение получила межкристаллитная коррозия, которая наблюдалась на внутреннем и наружном участках трубы вблизи монтажного сварного шва. Присутствуют также очаги ножевой коррозии. Максимальная глубина коррозионного поражения (55 % толщины стенки) выявлена в зоне пересечения заводского и монтажного сварных швов. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при совершенствовании методики неразрушающего контроля критических участков труб из нержавеющей стали.

Products intended for use in coastal and marine environments are constantly exposed to a harsh environment. The aim of this study is to investigate the microstructure of pipe metal after 15 years of use in a salt-mist removal system (5% NaCl, pH 6.5 – 7.2, 35°C). The chemical composition of the metal in different parts of the pipe was analyzed using optical emission spectroscopy. It was found that the chemical composition corresponds to austenitic steel AISI 304. When measuring the microhardness with a load of 9.81 N, a 34% increase was observed in the curved parts of the pipe compared to the straight parts due to riveting and the formation of deformation twins. To identify the microstructure of the metal, chemical etching was performed using a boiling solution of acids (HNO3 and HCl) and a Marble reagent. The results showed that intercrystalline corrosion was the most common type, observed on both the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe, near the welding joint. Additionally, there were pockets of knife-shaped corrosion. The maximum depth of corrosion damage, which was 55% of the wall thickness, was detected at the intersection of factory and installation welds. These results can be used to improve the method of non-destructive testing for critical sections of stainless steel pipes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.