zldm

Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов

Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials

1028-68612588-0187

ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»

10.26896/1028-6861-2017-83-11-5-14

zldm-578

Research Article

АНАЛИЗ ВЕЩЕСТВА

SUBSTANCES ANALYSIS

СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОГО КОНТРОЛЯ ОТРАБОТАННЫХ АВТОМОБИЛЬНЫХ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ (ОБЗОР)

CURRENT STATE AND PROBLEMS OF ANALYTICAL CONTROL OF WASTE AUTOMOTIVE CATALYSTS (REVIEW)

Алексеева

Т. Ю.

Alekseeva

T. Yu.

karpov-yury@yandex.ru

Карпов

Ю. А.

Karpov

Yu. A.

karpov-yury@yandex.ru

Дальнова

О. А.

Dalnova

O. A.

karpov-yury@yandex.ru

Еськина

В. В.

Eskina

V. V.

karpov-yury@yandex.ru

Барановская

В. Б.

Baranovskaya

V. B.

karpov-yury@yandex.ru

Горбатова

Л. Д.

Gorbatova

L. D.

mai@ezocm.ru

ООО «АНСЕРТЭКО», Москва; НИТУ «МИСиС», МоскваRussian FederationНИТУ «МИСиС», Москва; АО «Государственный научно-исследовательский и проектный институт редкометаллической промышленности «ГИРЕДМЕТ», Москва; Институт общей и неорганической химии имени Н. С. Курнакова РАН, МоскваRussian FederationНИТУ «МИСиС», Москва; АО «Государственный научно-исследовательский и проектный институт редкометаллической промышленности «ГИРЕДМЕТ», МоскваRussian FederationАО «Екатеринбургский завод по обработке цветных металлов», г. Верхняя ПышмаRussian Federation

2017

01112017

8311514

2017

Алексеева Т.Ю., Карпов Ю.А., Дальнова О.А., Еськина В.В., Барановская В.Б., Горбатова Л.Д.

Alekseeva T.Y., Karpov Y.A., Dalnova O.A., Eskina V.V., Baranovskaya V.B., Gorbatova L.D.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/578

Отработанные автомобильные катализаторы (АК) занимают особое место среди вторичного сырья, содержащего драгоценные металлы (сырье ВДМ). Точное определение платиновых металлов в отработанных катализаторах имеет очень важное, а зачастую и решающее значение для оценки экономической эффективности процесса утилизации. В настоящей работе приведен обзор описанных в литературных источниках методов анализа отработанных АК, а также представлены методические разработки института «Гиредмет» совместно с центром «АНСЕРТЭКО» при НИТУ «МИСиС» по анализу АК. Основное внимание уделено применению автоклавного и микроволнового разложения для химической подготовки таких трудновскрываемых объектов, как АК. Отражены преимущества анализа АК с применением метода пробирного концентрирования на базе разработок Екатеринбургского завода по обработке цветных металлов. Разработаны и аттестованы атомно-эмиссионные, атомно-абсорбционные и химико-спектральные методики анализа АК, а также намечены пути их дальнейшего совершенствования.

Spent autocatalysts hold a specific place among secondary raw materials containing precious metals. Precise determination of platinum metals in spent autocatalysts (SA) plays a very important role affecting the economic efficiency of the utilization process. We generalize the existing methods of analysis of spent autocatalysts presented in the literature and methodological developments of the Institute «Giredmet» in collaboration with the Center «ANSERTECO» and NUST «MISiS» regarding the same problem. The main emphasis is made on the use of modern tools for chemical preparation of hard-to-break object like spent autocatalysts: autoclave and microwave opening of the samples. The advantages of using the assay concentration method based on the developments of the Ekaterinburg Non-Ferrous Metals Processing Plant for analysis of spent autocatalysts are concidered. The atomic emission, atomic absorption and chemical spectroscopic methods of SA analysis have been developed and certified along with the guidelines of their further improvement.

аналитический контрольотработанные автомобильные катализаторыметаллы платиновой группы

analytical controlspent autocatalystsplatinum group metals

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.