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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2018-84-5-5-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-728</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИЗ ВЕЩЕСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SUBSTANCES ANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ХРОМАТОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ В АНАЛИЗЕ ПРОДУКТОВ БЫТОВОЙ ХИМИИ И КОСМЕТИЧЕСКИХ СРЕДСТВ НА СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ПАВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS IN ANALYSIS OF HOUSEHOLD CHEMICALS AND COSMETICS FOR THE PRESENCE OF SURFACE ACTIVE SUBSTANCES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мубаракова</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mubarakova</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">mubarakova.1990@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Будников</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Budnikov</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">Herman.Budnikov@kpfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский федеральный университет; АО Нэфис Косметикс</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Federal University; JSC Nefis Cosmetics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>84</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мубаракова Л.Р., Будников Г.К., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мубаракова Л.Р., Будников Г.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mubarakova L.R., Budnikov G.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/728">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/728</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрена классификация ПАВ, входящих в состав моющих средств, по диссоциации функциональной заряженной группы в водной среде. ПАВ представляют собой многокомпонентные смеси сложного состава, состоящие из гомологов ПАВ и примесей исходных веществ. Покомпонентный анализ этого вида сырья, являющийся трудоемкой аналитической задачей, проводят в основном с применением методов хроматографии. В зависимости от строения и специфики аналита применяют газовую (ГХ) и высокоэффективную жидкостную хроматографию (ВЭЖХ), часто в сочетании с масс-спектрометрией (ГХ/МС, ВЭЖХ/МС), а также тонкослойную хроматографию (ТСХ). В статье приведен обзор исследований в данной области за последние 10 лет. Наиболее распространенным методом исследования ПАВ является ВЭЖХ. Этот метод позволяет идентифицировать и определять нелетучие аналиты как с малой, так и с большой молекулярной массой, при этом в большинстве случаев нет необходимости в предварительной дериватизации. При использовании метода ГХ необходим перевод аналита в летучие соединения, что значительно усложняет этап пробоподготовки. Однако этот метод дает возможность получить полное разделение гомологов и изомеров многих ПАВ. В сочетании с МС возможно получение конкретных структурных фрагментов молекул ПАВ. Метод ТСХ в основном используют для групповой идентификации ПАВ. Рассмотренные исследования были направлены на разработку новых и модификацию существующих методик; поиск оптимальных условий хроматографирования, дериватизирующих агентов, разделительных колонок и т.д.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Classification of the surfactants being a part of detergents by dissociation of their functional charged group in an aqueous medium is considered. Surfactants are complex multicomponent mixtures consisting of homologues of surfactants and impurities of starting materials. An exploratory analysis of this type of raw material, which is a laborious analytical task, is carried out mainly by chromatographic methods. Gas chromatography (GC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high performance liquid chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) are used depending on the structure and specificity of the analyte. A review of the research data in this field over the past 10 years is presented. HPLC is the most common method for studying surfactants. This method allows quantitative and qualitative determination of non-volatile analytes with both small and large molecular weights without preliminary derivatization. When using the GC method, the analyte must be converted to volatile compounds, which considerably complicates the stage of sample preparation. However, this method makes it possible to obtain a complete separation of the homologs and isomers of many surfactants. In combination with MS, it is possible to obtain specific structural fragments of the surfactant molecules. TLC method is widely used for qualitative determination and separation of surfactants. This method is mainly used for group identification of surfactants. The studies thus cponsidered were aimed at developing new and modifying existing methods; search for optimal chromatographic conditions, derivatizing agents, separation columns, etc.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поверхностно-активные вещества</kwd><kwd>газовая хроматография</kwd><kwd>высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография</kwd><kwd>хромато-масс-спектрометрия</kwd><kwd>бытовая химия</kwd><kwd>косметическая продукция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>surfactants</kwd><kwd>gas chromatography</kwd><kwd>high performance liquid chromatography</kwd><kwd>mass-spectrometry</kwd><kwd>household chemicals</kwd><kwd>cosmetic products</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Плетнев М. Ю., Колесникова Е. Н., Глухарева Н. А., Козырева Ю. Н. 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