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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2019-85-1-II-15-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-878</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МНОГОКАНАЛЬНЫЕ АНАЛИЗАТОРЫ ЭМИССИОННЫХ СПЕКТРОВ МАЭС</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MAÉS MULTICHANNEL ANALYZERS OF EMISSION SPECTRA</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спектральные помехи и их коррекция в атомно-эмиссионном спектральном анализе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spectral interferences and their correction in atomic emission spectral analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пупышев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pupyshev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pupyshev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>85</volume><issue>1(II)</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пупышев А.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пупышев А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pupyshev A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/878">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/878</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрены основные источники спектральных помех в атомно-эмиссионном спектральном анализе (АЭСА): широкодиапазонных (тормозной и рекомбинационный континуум; излучение горячих конденсированных частиц и концов электродов; рассеянный свет в спектрометре; перекрывание аналитических линий крыльями соседних сильных спектральных линий мешающих элементов; наложение компонент молекулярных полос с очень близкими линиями) и узкодиапазонных (частичное или полное перекрывание аналитической линии атомными или ионными линиями элементов пробы, электродов и атмосферы разряда; наложение спектров высших порядков отражения в обычных дифракционных спектрометрах и соседних порядков в двумерных эшелле-спектрометрах). Приведены особенности проявления этих помех в различных источниках возбуждения спектров (пламена, дуга постоянного тока, искровые разряды, дуговые плазменные разряды, индуктивно-связанная плазма, микроволновая плазма, электрические разряды низкого давления, лазерная искра). Показаны возможности снижения уровня и устранения данных спектральных помех при конструировании и изготовлении приборов для АЭСА, подборе и регулировании операционных условий анализа. Большое внимание уделено наиболее легко реализуемой на практике внепиковой (off-peak) коррекции широкодиапазонных спектральных помех. Рассмотрены современные способы коррекции фона под спектральным пиком (under-peak) с помощью программного обеспечения атомно-эмиссионных спектрометров путем создания различных математических моделей фонового сигнала в окрестности аналитической линии на этапе разработки конкретной методики АЭСА. Подробно рассмотрены вопросы выбора спектральных линий для аналитических измерений, используемые для этого таблицы и атласы спектральных линий, электронные базы данных. Приведены особенности применения способа межэлементной коррекции при прямом спектральном наложении линий. Предложен порядок действий по учету спектральных помех при разработке методик анализа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The main sources of spectral interferences in atomic emission spectral analysis (AESA) are considered, including both wide-range (bremsstrahlung and recombination continuum, radiation of hot condensed particles and electrode ends, scattered light in the spectrometer, overlapping of the analytical line by the wings of the neighbor strong spectral lines of interfering elements, imposition of the components of molecular bands with the very close lines) and narrow-band (partial or complete overlapping of the analytical line with atomic or ionic lines of the sample elements, electrodes and discharge atmosphere; superposition of spectra from higher orders of reflection in conventional diffraction spectrometers and from neighboring orders in two-dimensional echelle spectrometers). The features of their manifestation in various sources of spectrum excitation (flames, DC arc, spark discharges, arc plasma discharges, inductively coupled plasma, microwave plasma, low-pressure electric discharges, laser spark) are considered. The possibilities of reducing the level of spectral interferences or elimination of the spectral noise at the stage of design and manufacturing of AESA devices, as well as upon selecting and adjusting of operation conditions of the analysis are shown. Much attention is paid to the most easily implemented in practice off-peak correction of wide-range spectral interferences. The modern methods of background correction under the spectral peak (under-peak) using a software for atomic emission spectrometers and providing creation of various mathematical models of the background signal in the vicinity of the analytical line at the stage of developing a specific AESA technique are considered. The issues of the choice of spectral lines for analytical measurements, tables and atlases of spectral lines, electronic databases used for this purpose are considered in detail. Specific features of application of the method of inter-element correction with direct spectral overlapping of the lines are given. The operating sequence for taking into account spectral interferences when developing the analysis techniques is proposed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атомно-эмиссионный спектральный анализ</kwd><kwd>континуум</kwd><kwd>непрерывный и дискретный фон</kwd><kwd>молекулярные полосы</kwd><kwd>рассеянный свет</kwd><kwd>тепловое излучение</kwd><kwd>контур и крылья спектральных линий</kwd><kwd>коррекция спектральных помех</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atomic emission spectral analysis</kwd><kwd>continuum</kwd><kwd>continuous and discrete background</kwd><kwd>molecular bands</kwd><kwd>scattered light</kwd><kwd>thermal radiation</kwd><kwd>contour and wings of spectral lines</kwd><kwd>correction of spectral interferences</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арцимович Л. А. 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