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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26896/1028-6861-2019-85-2-5-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-905</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИЗ ВЕЩЕСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SUBSTANCES ANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Переопределение моля и неопределенность аналитических измерений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Redefinition of the mole and uncertainty of analytical measurements</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конопелько</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konopel’ko</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Леонид Алексеевич Конопелько</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid A. Konopel’ko</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fhi@bl0.vniim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кадис</surname><given-names>Р. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kadis</surname><given-names>R. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рувим Лазаревич Кадис</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rouvim L. Kadis</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rkadi8@bl0.Yniim.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кустиков</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kustikov</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрий Анатольевич Кустиков</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury A. Kustikov</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт метрологии им. Д. И. Менделеева (ВНИИМ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D.I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>85</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Конопелько Л.А., Кадис Р.Л., Кустиков Ю.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Конопелько Л.А., Кадис Р.Л., Кустиков Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Konopel’ko L.A., Kadis R.L., Kustikov Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/905">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/905</self-uri><abstract><p>Переопределение основных единиц Международной системы единиц (СИ) — килограмма, моля, ампера и кельвина, — которые выражаются теперь через фундаментальные физические константы, означает серьезную реформу СИ. В частности, новое определение моля, фиксирующее значение числа Авогадро, устанавливает единицу количества вещества, не зависящую от единицы массы. Данная статья имеет целью обсуждение последствий переопределения моля и килограмма и акцентирует внимание на неопределенности измерений количества вещества и производных величин, важных для выражения состава смесей. Подробно рассмотрен вопрос о молярной массе вещества и связанной с ней неопределенности. Отмечается, что вычисление молярной массы с использованием относительных атомных масс включает константу молярной массы, которая в новой СИ уже не равна точно 1 г/моль. Это вносит дополнительную, хотя и очень небольшую неопределенность, не превышающую в относительном выражении 1 • 10-9. Проанализирован бюджет неопределенности измерений количества вещества через измерение массы, когда оно выполняется с наивысшей точностью. Показано, что для веществ, степень чистоты которых ≥99,98 %, неопределенность, связанная с чистотой вещества, сравнима с неопределенностью относительных атомных масс элементов. Для высокочистых веществ наибольшей окажется неопределенность в значениях относительных атомных масс. В любом случае неопределенность, связанная с константой молярной массы, на три порядка величины меньше ближайшего по значению вклада в неопределенность, обусловленного взвешиванием. В случае производных величин, представляющих собой отношение двух одноименных величин, дополнительная неопределенность вообще не возникает. Это продемонстрировано на примере вычисления мольной доли компонента в газовой смеси, приготовленной гравиметрическим методом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Redefinition of the basic units of the International System of Units (SI) — the kilogram, mole, ampere, and kelvin, — which are now expressed in terms of fundamental physical constants means a substantial revision of the system. In particular, the new definition of the mole fixing the value of the Avogadro constant sets a unit of the amount of substance, which is independent of the unit of mass. We consider some consequences of redefining (the mole and kilogram) and focus on the uncertainty of measuring the amount of substance and related quantities which are important for description of the mixture composition. The issue regarding the molar mass of the substance and associated uncertainty is considered in detail It is noted that calculation of the molar mass using relative atomic masses, involves the molar mass constant which is not equal exactly to 1 g/'mol in the new SI. This introduces an additional, though very small, uncertainty of less than 1 x 10-9 in relative terms. The budget of uncertainty for the amount of substance determined through the mass measurements when the mass is measured with the highest accuracy is scrutinized. It is demonstrated that for substances of less than 99.98% purity, the uncertainty associated to the purity is comparable to that of relative atomic masses of the elements. For high-purity substances, the uncertainty in the relative atomic masses have the largest contribution to the budget. Anyhow, the uncertainty associated to the molar mass constant is three orders of magnitude less than the nearest contribution to the uncertainty attributed to weighing. In the case of derived quantities which are the ratio of two quantities of the same kind, the additional uncertainty does not arise at all. This is illustrated by the calculation of the mole fraction of a component in the gravimetrically prepared gas mixture.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аналитические измерения</kwd><kwd>количество вещества</kwd><kwd>Международная система единиц (СИ)</kwd><kwd>моль</kwd><kwd>мольная доля</kwd><kwd>молярная масса</kwd><kwd>неопределенность измерений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>amount of substance</kwd><kwd>analytical measurement</kwd><kwd>International System of Units (SI)</kwd><kwd>mole</kwd><kwd>mole fraction</kwd><kwd>molar mass</kwd><kwd>measurement uncertainty</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нернст В. Г. Теоретическая химия с точки зрения Закона Avogadro и термодинамики. 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