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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zldm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Заводская лаборатория. Диагностика материалов</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1028-6861</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2588-0187</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство «ТЕСТ-ЗЛ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zldm-96</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИЗ ВЕЩЕСТВА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SUBSTANCES ANALYSIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Контроль состава сварочных аэрозолей (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Control of the Composition of Welding Aerosols</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коржова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korzhova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rfa@chem.isu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rfa@chem.isu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лодоусамба</surname><given-names>С. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lodousamba</surname><given-names>S. .</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смагунова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smagunova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">rfa@chem.isu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ФГБОУ ВПО «Иркутский государственный университет»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Национальный университет Монголии</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>81</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коржова Е.Н., Степанова Т.В., Лодоусамба С..., Смагунова А.Н., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коржова Е.Н., Степанова Т.В., Лодоусамба С..., Смагунова А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korzhova E.N., Stepanova T.V., Lodousamba S..., Smagunova A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/96">https://www.zldm.ru/jour/article/view/96</self-uri><abstract><p>Дана характеристика физико-химических свойств твердой составляющей сварочных аэрозолей (ТССА). Рассмотрены особенности отбора проб ТССА. Указаны методы, наиболее часто используемые для анализа ТССА в отечественной и зарубежной аналитической практике. Сопоставлены деструктивные и недеструктивные методы анализа ТССА, отмечены их преимущества и недостатки. На конкретных примерах показано, что из-за сложности фазового и химического состава проб ТССА нередко наблюдаются потери контролируемых элементов при разложении экспонированных фильтров. Для обоих классов методов рассмотрены приемы создания синтетических градуировочных образцов. При использовании рентгенофлуоресцентного метода сложно приготовить градуировочные образцы, адекватные реальным пробам ТССА, собранным на фильтр. В компараторном варианте метода нейтронно-активационного анализа для расчета содержания аналитов применяют синтетические смеси, содержащие один или два компонента. Приведены метрологические характеристики методик анализа ТССА.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Physicochemical properties of the solid component of welding aerosols (SCWA) are characterized. The features of the SCWA sampling and the methods most frequently used for SCWA analysis in domestic and foreign analytical practice are considered. Destructive and nondestructive methods of SCWA analysis are compared from the viewpoint of their advantages and shortcomings. It is shown that losses of the elements under control frequently observed upon decomposition of exposed filters are atributed to the complexity of the phase and chemical composition of the SCWA samples. Methods of developing synthetic calibration samples are discussed for both classes of methods considered: when using x-ray fluorescence method it is difficult to prepare the calibration samples adequate to the real SCWA samples collected on the filter, whereas in comparator variant of the neutron activation analysis synthetic mixtures containing one or two components are used to calculate the content of analytes. Metrological characteristics of the methods of SCWA analysis are presented.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>solid component of welding aerosols</kwd><kwd>physicochemical properties of the particles</kwd><kwd>inorganic components</kwd><kwd>destructive and nondestructive methods of analysis</kwd><kwd>sample preparation</kwd><kwd>calibration samples</kwd><kwd>validation</kwd><kwd>твердая составляющая сварочных аэрозолей</kwd><kwd>физико-химические свойства частиц</kwd><kwd>неорганические компоненты</kwd><kwd>деструктивные и недеструктивные методы анализа</kwd><kwd>подготовка проб</kwd><kwd>градуировочные образцы</kwd><kwd>оценка правильности</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meo S.A., Al-Khlaiwi T. Health hazards of welding fumes / J. Saudi. Med. 2003. Vol. 24. N 11. 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