Study of surface phenomena in nickel-plated electrolytes using a K-100 tensiometer
https://doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2023-89-2-I-39-44
Abstract
Modern electroplating usually suggests using electrolytes with special additives in the form of surface-active substances (surfactants). This is especially important for nickel plating electrolytes because of pitting, porosity, and low adhesion strength often accompanying the deposition of coatings is those electrolytes. We present the results of studying surface phenomena in nickel plating electrolytes using a K-100 KRUSS processor tensiometer. The Wilhelmy plate method was used to determine the surface tension of the standard Watts electrolyte and nickel-plating electrolytes added with surfactants, i.e., brightening (saccharin) and anti-pitting (RADO-11) additives. Surface phenomena at the electrolyte-solid interface have been analyzed using the OWRK model. The free energy of the solid surface (steel sample) has been estimated using the contact angle of the sample in test liquids (distilled water, re-hexane). It is shown that the anti-pitting additive RADO-11 is more effective compared to saccharin in increasing the wettability of steel samples and the adhesion strength at the electrolyte-solid interface. The results obtained can be used for nickel plating of plastics and polymer composite materials.
About the Authors
R. K. Salakhova
Ulyanovsk Scientific and Technological Center of the All-Russian Institute of Aviation Materials — National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute" (STTC VIAM — NRC "Kurchatov Institute")
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Rosalia K. Salakhova
PO Box 3104, Ulyanovsk, 432010
A. B. Tikhoobrazov
Ulyanovsk Scientific and Technological Center of the All-Russian Institute of Aviation Materials — National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute" (STTC VIAM — NRC "Kurchatov Institute")
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Andrey B. Tikhoobrazov
PO Box 3104, Ulyanovsk, 432010
T. B. Smirnova
Ulyanovsk Scientific and Technological Center of the All-Russian Institute of Aviation Materials — National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute" (STTC VIAM — NRC "Kurchatov Institute")
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatiana B. Smirnova
PO Box 3104, Ulyanovsk, 432010
References
1. Kablov Е. N. То the 80th anniversary of VIAM / Zavod. Lab. Diagn. Mater. 2012. Vol. 78. N 5. E 79 - 82 [in Russian].
2. Orlov M. R. Strategic directions for the development of the FSUE VIAM test center / Aviats. Mater. Tekhnol. 2012. N S. E 387-393 [in Russian].
3. Belyaev A. P., Kuchuk V I. Physical and colloidal chemistry. — Moscow: Geotar-Media, 2014. — 752 p. [in Russian].
4. Gelfman M. I., Kovalevich O. V, Yustratov V P. Colloidal chemistry. — St. Petersburg: Lan', 2010. — 336 p. [in Russian].
5. Shimko E. A., Solomatin K. V, Kirkolup E. R., Leskova S. S. Methods for experimental determination of surface tension / Izv. Altai. Gos. Univ. 2016. N 1(89). E 88 - 91 [in Russian] .
6. Kablov E. N. Innovative developments of FSUE "VIAM" of the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation for the implementation of the "Strategic Directions for the Development of Materials and Technologies for Their Processing for the Period until 2030" / Aviats. Mater. Tekhnol. 2015. N 1(34). E 3 - 33 [in Russian]. DOT 10.18577/2071-9140-2015-0-1-3-33
7. Kablov E. N. Russia needs new generation materials / Redkie zemli. 2014. N 3. E 8 - 13 [in Russian].
8. Udod K. A., Trofimenko N. N., Romanenko D. N., Sevalnev G. S. Prospects for the development of structural steels alloyed with aluminum / Aviats. Mater. Tekhnol. 2019. N 3. E 9 - 13 [in Russian]. DOT 10.18577/2071-9140-2019-0-3-9-13
9. Salakhova R. K., Tikhoobrazov А. В., Farafonov D. P., Smirnova Т. B. Features of Electrolytic Deposition of Abrasive-Wear-Resistant Coatings Based on Nickel / Tr. VIAM. 2022. N 2. Art. 8 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2022-0-2-99-110
10. Salakhova R. K., Tikhoobrazov А. В., Smirnova Т. B. On the effectiveness of using CHROM P-l foaming agent in electrolytic chromium plating / Uprochn. Tekhnol. Pokryt. 2018. Vol. 14. N 6(162). E 264 - 268 [in Russian].
11. Borodin S. A. Investigation of the process of spreading of a liquid drop deposited on the surface of a substrate / Komp'yut. Opt. 2005. N 28. E 66 - 68 [in Russian].
12. Barannikov A. A., Postnov V I., Veshkin E. A., Starostina I. V. Relationship between the energy characteristics of the surface of fiberglass grade VPS-53K and the strength of the adhesive bond based on it / Tr. VIAM. 2020. N 10. Art. 5 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2020-0-10-40-50
13. Barannikov A. A., Satdinov R. A., Veshkin E. A., Kurshev E. V Influence of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on the Strength of an Adhesive Joint Based on CFRP / Tr. VIAM. 2021. N 12. Art. 6 [in Russian]. DOI: 10.18577/2307-6046-2021-0-12-47-54
14. Salakhova R. K., Tikhoobrazov А. В., Smirnova Т. В., Kirilin S. G. Nickel plating of carbon and fiberglass in order to increase the erosion resistance of PCM structures / Uprochn. Tekhnol. Pokryt. 2021. Vol. 17. N 5(197). E 221 - 227 [in Russian].
15. Soloveva N. D., Frolova I. I., Legkaya D. A. Physical and chemical properties of a low-component nickel plating electrolyte / Kondens. Sredy Mezhfaz. Gran. 2014. Vol. 16. N 2. P 201 - 205 [in Russian].
16. Frolova 1.1., Soloveva N. D., Rybalkina I. P., Popova N. E. The use of non-stationary modes of electrodeposition of nickel coatings / Perspekt. Mater. 2015. N 7. E 58 - 63 [in Russian].
17. Bebikh G. E, Muravyova L. V, Dolgikh A. I. Surfactants based on carbamide derivatives / Vse Mater. Entsikl. Sprav 2011. N 5. E 21 - 26 [in Russian].
18. Asadov Z. G., Akhmedova G. A., Agazade A. D., et al. Surfactants of ion-liquid nature / Zh. Obshch. Khimii. 2012. Vol. 82. N 12. E 1960 - 1972 [in Russian].
19. Balakai V I. Peculiarities of Nickel Electrodeposition from Chloride Electrolyte in the Presence of Various Brightening Additives / Izv. Vuzov. Tekhn. Nauki. 2002. N 1. E 100 - 103 [in Russian].
20. Ananyeva E. Yu., Rogozhin V. V, Mikhalenko M. G., et al. Galvanic deposition of shiny nickel-boron coatings / Sovr. Naukoem. Tekhnol. 2017. N 7. E 18 - 22 [in Russian].
21. Levinzon A. M. Electrolytic deposition of iron subgroup metals. — Leningrad: Mashinostroenie, 1983. — 96 p. [in Russian].
22. Salakhova R. K., Semenychev V V, Tikhoobrazov A. B. Investigation of the specific electrical conductivity of chromium and nickel plating electrolytes / Vestn. Samar. Gos. Aerokosm. Univ. 2014. N 3. E 70 - 78 [in Russian].
23. Danilov V E., Korolev E. V, Aizenshtadt A. M., Strokova V. V Features of calculating the surface free energy based on the Owens - Wendt - Rabel - Kjellble model of interfacial interaction / Stroit. Mater. 2019. N 11. E 66 [in Russian].
24. Zinina I. N., Pimanov M. V Influence of the surface energy of metal samples on the strength of adhesive joints / Izv. MGTU "MAMI". 2011. N 2(12). E 127 - 130 [in Russian].
25. Volkov V I., Leskova S. S., Kirkolup E. R. Experimental study of wetting hysteresis / Izv. Altai. Gos. Univ. 2006. N 1(39). E 106 - 110 [in Russian].
26. Summ B. D. Wetting hysteresis / Soros. Obraz. Zh. 1999. N 7. E 98-102 [in Russian].
27. Nazarov V V. Colloidal chemistry. — Moscow: DeLi plyus, 2015.250 р. [in Russian].
28. Medvedev A. V, Razumeev К. E. Investigation of the influence of the roughness of steel samples on the wettability of the lubricating emulsion / Tekhnol. Tekstil. Prom. 2018. N 1(373). E 191 - 197 [in Russian].
29. Tovbin Yu. K., Zajceva E. S., Gvozdeva E. E. Effect of adsorption on the energy characteristics of a rough solid / Khim. Fizika. 2019. Vol. 38. N 6. E 42 - 52 [in Russian].
Review
For citations:
Salakhova R.K., Tikhoobrazov A.B., Smirnova T.B. Study of surface phenomena in nickel-plated electrolytes using a K-100 tensiometer. Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials. 2023;89(2(I)):39-44. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2023-89-2-I-39-44
Views:
245
Email this article 