Комплексный экспериментальный анализ процессов деформирования и трещинообразования в железобетонном элементе

В связи с усложнением строительных конструкций, повышением уровня и вариативности их нагружений задача определения точных значений деформаций в них является актуальной. В материалах конструкций деформации неразрывно связаны с напряжениями, от уровня которых зависит прочность и безопасность эксплуатируемых зданий и сооружений. Процессы развития деформаций достаточно сложны и зависят от многих факторов, при этом для их регистрации при испытаниях строительных конструкций чаще используют один из известных методов, каждый из которых имеет свои преимущества и недостатки. Для получения более полной картины процессов развития деформаций и трещин в железобетонном элементе представляется перспективным совместное применение этих методов. Цель работы — повышение прочности и надежности железобетонных элементов путем комплексного анализа развития процессов деформирования и трещинообразования с использованием методов электротензометрии, корреляции цифровых изображений и регистрации тепловых выделений. Разработана методика комплексного экспериментального анализа и проведены пробные испытания железобетонного образца на растяжение с получением данных о деформациях тремя методами — с использованием тепловизора, системы Vic-3D и тензорезисторов. Представлены полученные опытные данные и проведен их комплексный сопоставительный анализ. Отмечены преимущества и недостатки предлагаемого подхода. Намечены дальнейшие пути развития предложенной методики.

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