Study of ice adhesion to structural steels

The intensive development of Arctic resources and the expansion of shipping in icy conditions require the use of structural materials with increased operational reliability. The objective of this study was to investigate ice adhesion to high-strength steels under conditions as close as possible to Arctic conditions. Testing utilized modeling of uniform compression during freezing and an environment simulating seawater. High-strength steels with yield strengths of 540 and 760 MPa were studied. The developed original testing methodology utilized blade-type specimens and specialized tooling for universal tensile testing machines, ensuring the accessibility and versatility of the approach. The methodology involved freezing the specimens in synthetic seawater at temperatures ranging from –10 to –30°C, creating combined loading conditions combining shear and direct tensile stress. Thorough surface degreasing was shown to be a key factor in data reproducibility (untreated specimens demonstrated an uncontrolled decline in adhesion). An analysis of load-elongation diagrams revealed the characteristics of adhesive bond failure and subsequent friction during sample removal. The results and proposed approach can be used in comparative analysis of various steel grades and anti-icing coatings, as well as in selecting materials for the safe operation of infrastructure and equipment in the harsh climatic conditions of the North.

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