The analytical capabilities of the new spectral complex consisting of spectrometer “Grand” with high-speed analyzer MAES and double-jet arc plasmatron “Fakel” are estimated. Optimum conditions of excitation and detection of scintillation spectra and methods for their processing are specified. A technique of determining the total content of precious metals in geological samples are developed using scintillation emission spectral analysis on the double-jet arc plasmatron. The detection limits for Au, Pt, Pd, and Ag are 2 x 10⁴, 9 x 10⁴, 3 x 10³, and 9 x10⁴ ppm respectively.

Methods for determination of V, Si, Al, P, Mn, Cu, and Cr in ferrovanadium and Nb, Si, Al, P, Ti, Ta, and Sn in ferroniobium using atomic emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES) with a microwave sample preparation are described. Optimal compositions ofthe reaction mixtures for dissolving ferroalloys and parameters of the microwave-induced decomposition in closed autoclaves are specified. The accuracy of the element determination is approved by analysis of the standard samples, and by comparing the results with the data obtained by standard methods. The technique is characterized by high reproducibility, accuracy and provides more than 3-fold reduction ofthe analysis duration.

Piezoelectric sensors based on polymers with molecular imprints of oleic (MIP-Oleic) and palmitic (MIP-Palmitic) acids are tested in analysis of vegetable oils. Electrodes of MIP-sensors are modification with a polymer based on polyimide PM (dianhydride of 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid and 4,4’-diaminodiphenyl oxide). Imprinting factor values and selectivity coefficients ofthe obtained polymers are compared with molecular imprints of fatty acids using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (complex Agilent Technological 7890B GC Systems with mass selective detector Agilent Technological 5977A MSD). The difference between the results of acid determination obtained with piezoelectric sensor and data of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is less than 10%. It is found that sensors modified with molecular imprinted polymers exhibit selectivity to the acid being a template in their synthesis.

Rapid method for total nitrogen determination in complex fertilizers using a Vario El cube elemental analyzer (Elementar, Germany) intended for a CHNS analysis of organic and inorganic compounds is developed. Oxygen dosing time is optimized to provide complete decomposition of the samples. The metrological characteristics of the suggested procedure are evaluated. The developed analytical procedure is easy to use. High rate of analysis is a key advantage of the method: time required for single determination does not exceed 10 min.

A methodology of accounting for the effect of third elements in analysis of high-alloyed steels using emission spectrometer with spark excitation of spectra is considered. The results of nickel, chromium, manganese, aluminum and silicon determination in steels Kh12N Kh12M using an emission spectrometer “PAPUAS-4” are presented. It is shown that the use of regression methods of data processing substantially reduces the error of the element determination in the examined group of alloys

A method of electrochemical estimation of current, equilibrium and protective concentrations of volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCI) absorbed by a phase moisture film formed on the surface of corroding metal is proposed. Procedure: the outer airtight vessels with a given relative air humidity (H) are saturated with VCI vapour absorbed by the distilled water or salt solution. Data ofelectrochemical measurements in NaCl solutions and standard media containing VCI and NaCl are then used in plotting polarization curves for metal specimens under study. Comparison of the polarization curves in the obtained and standard solutions in combination with the data on the metal corrosion rate provides determination of the aforementioned VCI concentrations.

Film samples of poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) added with 2% of carbon nanotubes are synthesized. The temperature of ferroelectric phase transition and dielectric permeability of the samples are determined at a frequency of 1 MHz. Surface morphology and piezoelectric constant of copolymer films are measured using scanning probe microscopy. It has been shown that the incorporation ofcarbon nanotubes into the polymer matrix increases the value of effective piezoelectric coefficient and dielectric constant of the copolymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene).

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) evolved from furniture coatings are determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Medium density fiberboard (MDF) and particleboard with high specific emissions of total VOC (TVOC) can produce highly hazardous substances. It is shown that the specific emission of TVOC increases with temperature, whereas the relative humidity does not affect TVOC emission from MDF and particleboard.

The impact of the material structure on the analytical signal upon atomic emission spectroscopy of solid samples of 1379p aluminum alloy produced in accordance with pellet technology is studied. Statistically different results of analysis are obtained for the samples before and after heat treatment (temperature - 540°C, time - 1 h, in-furnace cooling. We used an AtomComp 81 device with high-voltage spark excitation. The ratio of the line intensities of the analyte and matrix component (Al₂₅₆₈) are used in calculations. The significance of differences is estimated by contrast of means which is adopted in analysis of variance. Proceeding from the results thus obtained we developed a method providing estimation of the structure changes in aluminum alloy using spectral analysis.

The results of studying the size effect impact on micromechanical properties of the particles (250 - 400 μm) of abrasive materials using a microhardness tester are presented. Micro-brittleness and micro-strength of the materials are determined by the depth of the Vickers diamond pyramid penetration into the material surface with a thickness of 0.4 - 6.0 pm. The micro-brittleness criterion characterizes the ratio of the area of brittle fracture in the vicinity of the impress and area of the impress, whereas the micro-hardness is characterized with the value of tension providing formation of the brittle fracture area near the pyramid impress. Exponential dependence of the microproperties on the pyramid penetration depth is observed: the less the depth the higher micro-hardness of the material and less their micro-brittleness. Complex of the methods of micromechanical tests using microhardness tester provides certification ofabrasive materials at the industrial and research laboratories depending on the parameters of their physical and technical processing. A draft stan dard “Quality control of abrasive materials by the micromechanical characteristics” is developed proceeding from the results thus obtained.

A procedure of experimental evaluation of the durability of ZhS6U superalloy under the joint impact of thermomechanical and vibration loads in conditions of non-isothermal loading is developed using Coffin models. A test facility providing an ultrasonic monitoring of the kinetics of cyclic elastoplastic deformation is developed and implemented. Superposition of additional high frequency loads is shown to result in significant reduction ofthe thermal cycling durability of the alloy.

Solution of the plane problem of elasticity theory for diamond circles with the inner cutting edge (DCICE) under uneven (non-uniform) tension is presented. We consider an isotropic circular plate which is loaded along the profile outline by a force distributed according harmonic law q (0) = q + q_ocos(20). Differential equations are used to determine plate stresses and displacements. Proceeding from GOST standards for profile tolerances for cutting blades we derived an analytical expression for the permissible value of tension unevenness q₀/q. It is shown that even 2% tension unevenness can result in excess (regarding the allowable value) out-of-roundness ofthe cutting wheel which necessitates measuring and monitoring of the tension unevenness of the cut-off wheels.

An easy to use scratch tester providing scratching constructional materials and coatings under various fixed loadings by diamond indenter is designed and manufactured. Different electroplated coatings deposited on the samples of 30HGSA construction steel including plated coatings containing nanoparticles (cluster coatings) are studied. We also tested samples with “trivalent” chrome coating. In addition to chromium-based coatings we used nickel-, zinc- and cadmium-based coatings and samples with pyrolytic and chrome-carbide coatings. With scratch tester applied scratches on the coated samples with different loads on the indenter, formed scratches investigated using a microscope, thus determining the width and depth of the scratches, and also evaluating the morphology of the groove bottom. All selected coating exhibit high adhesion to the substrate. Exfoliation is observed only for the coatings deposited specifically with a breakdown in the technological process.

Several changes made in the new edition of RMG 76-2014 that has come into effect starting the 1^st ofJanuary 2016 instead ofRMG 76-2004 andMI 2335-2003 are considered in detail. We explain the goals of changes, thus introduced, and new possibilities for analytical and testing laboratories in the field of intra-laboratory control of the quality of measurements.

Analysis of more than twenty basic documents of existing systems of voluntary certification revealed the great variety of structural components and duplication of functions of the participants of such systems. In this regard, an attempt on optimization of the organizational structure of the voluntary certification systems based on the distribution of functions between all participants is made. The developed typical organizational structure of a voluntary certification system includes the following parties: headquarters, certification bodies, test laboratories, and applicants. The headquarters structure should include a coordination council, appeal board, scientific and methodological center, and expert committee. The results of the present work can be used in developing the new systems of voluntary certification.