A method of quantitative determination of iodide-ion in laminaria by «water-in-oil» microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography coupled with preliminary sample preconcentration procedure has been developed. On-line preconcentration technique, i.e., field-enhanced sample injection provided up to a 930-fold improvement in the detection sensitivity of inorganic anions. It was found that the full extraction of iodide could be achieved by the sample pretreatment of laminaria in a dry form. The developed method is rapid and easy to use (the time of analysis and sample pretreatment is 10 min and 16 min, respectively). Intra-day precision is found to be 5.2%, inter-day precision - 7.3%. The detection limit is 110 μg/kg of laminaria in a dry form (9.2 μg/kg in equivalent of fresh laminaria).

Methods of quantitative ICP-AES analysis of silicon, germanium and their oxides (SiO₂, GeO₂) are developed. Analytical lines free of spectral overlapping are used for determination of trace 29 elements-impurities in silicon and silicon oxide and 42 elements in germanium and germanium oxide. The impact of matrix components (germanium and silicon) present in the solutes is studied. Concentrations of the matrix elements that do not affect the results of quantitative analysis are determined. The limits of analyte determination in silicon, germanium, and their oxides range within n × 10^-7 - n × 10^-5 % wt. Relative standard deviation of the results is below 20%. Accuracy of the results is confirmed in analysis of spiked samples. The developed methods are rapid, easy to use, and applicable for a large number of trace elements.

Appearance of new technological processes of thermohydrogen treatment of titanium alloys entails the necessity of determination of high hydrogen contents in metals. We failed to find any literary data regarding the measurement procedures for determination of high (tenth of a percent) hydrogen content. Application of conditions recommented in branch standard appeared impossible and revealed the lack of reference materials for determination of high hydrogen content. We developed the reference materials with hydrogen concentrations from 0.04 to 0.5 %wt. and a novel determination procedure. Different ways aimed at increase in the sensitivity of determination of high hydrogen content (e.g., reduction of the impulse discharge energy and substitution of counterelectrode material for aluminum alloy or tungsten) are studied. We developed a measurement procedure and specified conditions for hydrogen determination (from 0.02 to 0.5 %wt.) that can be used for analysis of the restricted areas of the samples and semiproducts of different shape and size.

To improve the analytical capabilities of amperometric monoamine oxidase biosensors in the determination of antidepressants (moclobemide, amitriptyline)the surface of screen-printed graphite electrodes is modified with carbon nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide). The lower limit of detectable drug concentrations ranges within 1 × 10^-4 - 1 × 10^-8 mole/liter respectively. The developed monoamine oxidase biosensors are used in determination of drugs in pharmaceutical preparations.

Methods of quantitative ICP-AES analysis of silicon, germanium and their oxides (SiO₂, GeO₂) are developed. Analytical lines free of spectral overlapping are used for determination of trace 29 elements-impurities in silicon and silicon oxide and 42 elements in germanium and germanium oxide. The impact of matrix components (germanium and silicon) present in the solutes is studied. Concentrations of the matrix elements that do not affect the results of quantitative analysis are determined. The limits of analyte determination in silicon, germanium, and their oxides range within n × 10^-7 - n × 10^-5 % wt. Relative standard deviation of the results is below 20%. Accuracy of the results is confirmed in analysis of spiked samples. The developed methods are rapid, easy to use, and applicable for a large number of trace elements.

GaAs based laser diode arrays (LDA) are widely used as a compact source of high-power radiation for pumping solid-state lasers emitting at a wavelength of 940 nm. A method of studying distribution of the radiation intensity between the individual diodes of LDA is developed which allows monitoring of the way in which each diode of the array affects the total intensity of the LDA light beam. A special software CMOS-1300 provides quantitative picturing of the LDA radiation intensity distribution (integrated intensity profiles) using digital photos of the near-field. The integrated emission intensity profile illustrates the relative distribution of the radiation intensity of the individual diodes in LDA. The developed procedure is an informative method of studying f the collective behavior of laser diodes in the array.

We present the results of developing and studying the characteristics of novel compounds for production of the fluorescent materials for white glow LEDs. Spectral method formed the basis for developing a laboratory setup, methodology of studying the properties of the fluorescent materials and optimizing their composition by emissivity in the system blue emitting heterostructure - phosphor coating. The proposed methodology and implementing tools are exemplified in selection of the optimal (from the view point of radiation parameters) combination of phosphor materials and spectral composition of the luminescence of the semiconductor crystal. The principles of developing most effective fluorescent compounds, process features of their production and examples of practical use of the developed compositions are described.

Two capillary viscometers are used to study the flow curves of the leading grades of low-pressure polyethylene PE 80 and PE 100 used in the manufacture of pipes and fittings at the main Russian factories. The rheology constants and shear rate in the molding part of the extruder head are calculated. Experimental data and calculation results give grounds for science-based decisions in technology of pipe manufacturing, the choice of pipe material, optimal work load, and prediction of the defects.

The results of experiments on measuring the hardness of the surface the underside (bottom) of the ball indentation are presented for several ball diameters and different loads of indentation in 8 plate specimens of steels and alloys. It is shown that when the degree of plastic deformation ε is expressed in the form of commonly used ratio of the diameters of the impress and indentation ball, the obtained dependencies of the hardness increment Δ HV = f(ε) disagree with the similar dependencies obtained upon rolling-induced deformation of the corresponding materials. At the same time, when ε is expressed as a ratio of the surface area of the indentation ( M) to the half surface area of the embedded ball ( M’) the determined dependencies match the dependences obtained upon rolling-induced deformation.

The results of the short-term (test duration is less than 200 h) creep tests of titanium alloys VT5 and VT6 at 650°C are presented. The ultimate elongations and rupture onset of solid cylindrical samples are measured. The parameters of power dependences that put into correspondence the rate of absolute elongation of titanium alloys and nominal tensile stress are determined. The steady state creep rate of the titanium alloy VT6 is shown to exceed that of VT5 which gives ground to recommend VT5 as a structural material for short-term operation under conditions of non-cycling changes of tensile stress in time at 650°C.

The possibility of using aqueous solutions of textile auxiliaries to reduce the wear rate of warp yarns of polyethylene terephthalate is considered. PEG (polyethylene glycol 400) is taken as a main antifriction component of the solution. The effect of the percentage of textile auxiliaries on the yarn resistance to abrasion and dynamic friction coefficient are studied. The content of substances in the polyester filament in an amount of 0.04 - 0.06 wt.% ensures the maximum number of abrasion cycles to failure of polyester yarns.

A review of the present types of certified reference materials used in moisture measurements both in Russia and abroad is presented. The problems occurred at different stages of production and application of the certified reference materials in the field of moisture measurements and prospects of their further development are considered.

Dara regarding the approved types of certified reference material (CRM)of composition and properties for petroleum and petroleum products, their manufacturers, results of cross-referencing of the quality indexes listed in the regulatory and technical documents and data on the approved types of CRM are presented. Methods used for testing petroleum products for which the CRM development is most important are listed.